Description du projet
Simulation de l’atmosphère préindustrielle
L’accord de Paris a défini un cadre mondial visant à limiter la possibilité d’un changement climatique dangereux. Pour y parvenir, cet accord traduit l’engagement de contenir la hausse de la température moyenne mondiale bien en deçà de 2 °C par rapport aux niveaux préindustriels et de déployer des efforts, afin de limiter la hausse de la température à 1,5 °C au-dessus des niveaux préindustriels. Le projet SAPIENTIAM, financé par l’UE, va identifier de nouveaux mécanismes qui permettront de décrire l’état préindustriel de l’atmosphère et son évolution sous l’effet des émissions générées par les activités humaines liées à l’industrialisation. Plus particulièrement, il va réaliser une expérience en laboratoire visant à simuler l’atmosphère d’un environnement préindustriel, y ajoutant d’abord les émissions biogéniques, puis les émissions anthropiques comme le dioxyde de soufre (SO2) et les oxydes d’azote (NOx).
Objectif
Anthropogenic emissions (i.e. particles and trace gases) are constantly rising since the industrialization inducing wide changes on the climate of the Earth system, on local degradation of air quality and impactAnthropogenic emissions (i.e. particles and trace gases) are constantly rising since the industrialization inducing wide changes on the climate of the Earth system, on local degradation of air quality and impacting human health. The aim of the SAPIENTIAM project is to identify new mechanisms that allow to describe the preindustrial atmospheric status and its change as consequence of the human activities emission related to industrialization.
Secondary organic particles are produced in the atmosphere by the reactions of biogenic volatile organic compounds in presence of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfate (SO2). One of the main uncertainties of the role of particles on the changes of climate and air quality, is related to the impact of anthropogenic emissions on their concentrations and properties.
In order to define new mechanisms of atmospheric particle formation in pre-industrial and post-industrial conditions, a laboratory experiment will be carried out at the Harvard Environmental Chamber (outgoing phase). In detail, the pristine pre-industrial-like environment’s atmosphere will be simulated in the chamber considering first only the biogenic emissions and, then, adding the contribution of anthropogenic emissions such as NOx and SO2. Recent studies highlighted the important role played by the ocean as potential source of atmospheric particle, but field observations to confirm this hypothesis are quite rare. Another aim of this project is to verify the results obtained by the laboratory experiments in a field campaign in marine environment representing an innovative post-industrial-like site, where the interaction between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions are poorly explored (return phase at the University of Chieti-Pescara, Ud'A)
Champ scientifique
Not validated
Not validated
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF-GF - Global FellowshipsCoordinateur
66013 Chieti
Italie