Descripción del proyecto
Una nueva manera de prevenir los infartos de miocardio
A pesar de las mejoras en el acceso a la atención sanitaria y la disponibilidad de medicamentos asequibles y tratamientos eficaces en los países de renta media y alta (PRMA), las enfermedades cardiovasculares y cerebrovasculares siguen en aumento. Además, estas poblaciones siguen siendo víctimas de derrames cerebrales e infartos de miocardio con consecuencias mortales. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los pacientes de alto riesgo (como los afectados por diabetes, dislipidemia o hipertensión) no siguen todo el ciclo de selección y tratamiento prescrito. En este contexto, el proyecto financiado con fondos europeos E4I llevará a cabo una investigación transversal y a gran escala basada en innovadoras técnicas de inferencia causal. El objetivo es identificar los pasos de los servicios de atención médica que están vinculados a la mayor parte de las pérdidas. Otro objetivo es mostrar la manera de mejorar eficazmente dichos pasos. Por último, el proyecto se enfocará en cómo prevenir las pérdidas.
Objetivo
Largely due to the ageing of their populations and changing lifestyles, middle-income countries (MICs) are facing a rapidly increasing burden of heart attacks and strokes. Most of these cardio- and cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) events are preventable through successful treatment of three major risk factors: diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. Yet despite the existence of inexpensive and effective medications, only a small minority of adults with these risk factors in MICs successfully transition through the care continuum from screening to effective treatment. There is currently little to no evidence from these settings on what health services interventions are most effective in reducing the loss of patients along the CCVD risk factor care continuum. Focussing on the four most populous MICs – which jointly account for 43% of the world’s population – E4I thus aims to i) determine at which of the main steps in the care continuum – screening, linkage to care, and retention in care – the greatest loss of patients occurs; ii) establish which health services interventions have been most effective in reducing the loss of patients at each of these three care steps; and iii) ascertain the causal effect of reducing the loss of patients along the care continuum on individuals’ health and economic outcomes. To do so, E4I will use novel causal inference techniques from different academic disciplines on large population-based cross-sectional and cohort datasets with jointly over seven million participants, challenging the frequently-held beliefs in public health that only randomised trials can provide causal effect estimates and that cohort data’s principal value is the study of disease aetiology. By generating urgently needed knowledge on how to more effectively deliver proven treatments for a major public health problem in MICs, E4I will decisively advance public health research and has the potential to have an important impact on population health globally.
Ámbito científico
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencespublic health
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicinepharmacology and pharmacypharmaceutical drugs
- medical and health sciencesclinical medicinecardiologycardiovascular diseases
- medical and health sciencesbasic medicineneurologystroke
- medical and health sciencesclinical medicineangiologyvascular diseasescerebrovascular diseases
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
69120 Heidelberg
Alemania