Description du projet
Un examen plus approfondi des modèles HANK, RANK et TANK
Le paradigme néo-keynésien standard tient lieu de base pour l’analyse des politiques dans la quasi-totalité des banques centrales mondiales. Toutefois, les événements économiques récents remettent en cause les modèles macroéconomiques standard. Le projet HEMPEF, financé par l’UE, mettra en place un «cadre organisationnel» axé sur la distinction entre deux types d’agents, qu’il s’agisse des ménages ou des entreprises, les agents dits «sans contraintes» et ceux dits «limités». En se concentrant sur les modèles HANK («Heterogeneous Agent New Keynesian» ou néo-keynésien à agents hétérogènes) récents, le projet analysera cette différence et ses composantes afin de comprendre les voies par lesquelles l’hétérogénéité opère. Il procèdera également à une analyse comparative de la dynamique globale d’équilibre des modèles HANK et TANK («Two Agent New Keynesian» ou néo-keynésien à deux agents). Ce dernier, qui préserve la tractabilité et la facilité d’interprétation du modèle RANK («Representative Agent New Keynesian» ou néo-keynésien à agent représentatif) standard, limite l’hétérogénéité à la présence de deux types d’agents (limités et sans contraintes).
Objectif
The proposed research aims at assessing the role of heterogeneity in economic fluctuations and its implications for monetary policy, with a focus on recent HANK (for Heterogeneous Agents New Keynesian) models.
A first objective is the development of an “organizing framework” which focuses on the distinction between two types of agents of households (or firms) at any point in time: those who satisfy an intertemporal optimality condition (labeled as “unconstrained”) and those who do not (labeled as “constrained”). A heterogeneity wedge can be defined that accounts for the differential behavior of aggregate consumption (or investment) relative to an economy with a representative household (or firm). The analysis of that wedge and its components should help understand the channels through which heterogeneity operates, both in the context of specific HANK models as well as actual economies (using household or firm-level panel data).
A second objective is the conduct of a comparative analysis of the aggregate equilibrium dynamics of HANK and TANK (for Two Agent New Keynesian) models. The latter class of models, which preserve the tractability and ease of interpretation of the standard Representative Agent New Keynesian (RANK) model, restrict the heterogeneity to the presence of two types of agents (constrained and unconstrained), with a constant share of each in the population. The key question to be studied is the extent to which some version of a TANK model may provide a good approximation to the dynamics of existing HANK models, as well as a better data fit than their RANK counterparts.
Several applications are proposed, including the analysis of the role of constrained households in shaping the gains from wage flexibility and in determining the effects of helicopter drops on the economy, as well as the study of the impact of heterogeneity on the nature of the optimal monetary policy.
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ERC-ADG - Advanced GrantInstitution d’accueil
08005 Barcelona
Espagne