Obiettivo
A FRAK installation for facilitating the clean-up of heavy soils is to be designed and built. The aggregate consists of a series of pipes mounted on a hydraulic excavator; the pipes are equipped with venting holes at their ends and can be pushed into the ground. By high-pressure air blasts from the vents will change the entire pore structure of the soil, opening consolidated soil structures in particular.
Similar installations have been tested to improve agricultural soil structure; the main difference is the heavy-duty layout of the installation.
In situ treatment of polluted soil is frequently prevented by the soil structure: if the soil contains much clay or has been compressed by heavy loads, neither water nor air will penetrate the dense layer, save along a few channels, that are correspondingly washed out, forming channels to guide water and air through the soil layer without much affecting the layer itself. To extend the range of soils to be treatable, the FRAK process has been conceived, which works by applying gas shocks to the dense soil and thus changing the entire pore structure of the soil.
A FRAK apparatus has been developed that is able to work under the conditions of industrial grounds, (ie, stones and other obstacles occurring from time to time) and of not impairing industrial use of the ground; the site selected for demonstration was a railway station polluted with oil. The apparatus constructed a very flexible, operating vertically as well as in inclined mode, the 4 venting pipes being each separately adjustable for optimal reshuffling of the entire soil.
First results show that the FRAK apparatus performs according to expectations in rugged industrial environment, increasing the water flow rate through the treated soil by a factor of 5. Every blast will reshuffle up to 60 square metres of soil. The working depth extending up to 4 m, so up to 240 cubic metres of soil may be treated by this apparatus in every drilling step; up to 25 drilling steps may be made per hour.
Thus, a major breakthrough has been achieved to make polluted soils of low permeability accessible to in situ treatment. This will be particularly important for the application of biological treatment systems whose performances usually suffers from bad aeration of the soil to be treated. FRAK will help condition this kind of soil for biological in situ treatment.
In-situ treatment of polluted soil is frequently prevented by the soil structure: if the soil contains much clay or has been compressed by heavy loads, neither water nor air will penetrate the dense layer, save along a few channels that are correspondingly washed out, forming channels to guide water and air through the soil layer without much affecting the layer itself. To extend the range of soils to be treatable, the FRAK process has been conceived, which works by applying gas shocks to the dense soil and thus changing the entire pore structure of the soil.
The Commission of the European Communities has, within the frame of the ACE 89 demonstration programme, granted financial assistance to the development of a FRAK apparatus that is able to work under the condition of industrial grounds, i.e. stones and other obstacles occurring from time to time, and of not impairing industrial use of the ground; the site selected for demonstration was a railway station polluted with oil. The construction was carried out by the Bremen-based DETLEF HEGEMANN ENGINEERING GmbH who made a very flexible apparatus, operating vertically as well as in inclined mode, the four venting pipes being each separately adjustable for optimal re-shuffling of the entire soil.
Commission assistance was restricted to the period of 1-10-90 through 30-4-92, during which time the FRAK apparatus was constructed and tested in operation. First results show that the FRAK apparatus performs according to expectations in rugged industrial environment, increasing the water flow rate through the treated soil by a factor of 5. Every blast will reshuffle up to 60 m2 of soil. The working depth extending up to 4 m, up to 240 m3 of soil may be treated by this apparatus in every drilling step; up to 25 drilling steps may be made per hour.
Thus, with Commission assistance, a major break-through has been achieved to make polluted soils of low permeability accessible to in-situ treatment. This will be particularly important for the application of biological treatment systems whose performance usually suffer from bad aeration of the soil to be treated. FRAK will help to condition this kind of soil for biological in-situ treatment.
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Coordinatore
28309 Bremen
Germania
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