Descrizione del progetto
Studiare l’interazione tra impollinatori e fiori
Il ruolo degli impollinatori e della diversità sessuale delle piante nell’evoluzione della flora degli ecosistemi di tipo mediterraneo rappresenta un bersaglio ottimale per la ricerca e la conservazione della biodiversità in Europa. Il progetto FLAXMATE, finanziato dall’UE, adotterà un nuovo approccio quantitativo per studiare l’evoluzione dei fenotipi di accoppiamento (ovvero la definizione degli organi sessuali floreali) in un gruppo di 74 specie di Linum. Queste specie sono parenti del lino comune, ma endemiche del bacino del Mediterraneo e della regione floristica del Capo in Sudafrica. Il progetto utilizzerà due nuove metodologie basate su morfometria geometrica in 3D e punti quantici per analizzare l’efficienza dell’impollinazione come fattore di biodiversità a livello macro e microevolutivo.
Obiettivo
The role of pollinators and plant sexual diversity in the evolution of Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems (MTE) floras is a silver bullet target for biodiversity research and conservation in Europe. The setting of the floral sexual organs (the mating phenotype) has the most crucial implication in the function of the pollinator - flower interaction, i.e. in the efficiency of pollen transfer. However, it has never been studied quantitatively and in depth in evolutionary biology. FLAXMaTE will approach the evolution of the mating phenotypes in Linum, an intrinsically Mediterranean genus and a classic study system for the evolution of heterostyly with all its polymorphic species located in two MTE regions: the Mediterranean Basin (MB) and the Cape Floristic Region (CFR). In contrast with previous studies based in phenotypic categorisation or two-dimensional measures, I will for the first time characterize the mating phenotype of Linum species and their pollinators through an innovative three-dimensional geometric morphometric approach using computed tomography. To disentangle the macroevolutionary patterns of the mating phenotypes in Linum and the convergence of polymorphisms in MTEs, I will build a phylogeny of Old World yellow flaxes and I will use comparative methods to relate the evolution of the mating phenotypes with the MTE distribution, the pollination niche of species, and the diversification rates of the clade. The genomic basis of the convergence will be also studied through the sequencing of the S-locus in polymorphic MB and CFR species. To test the role of pollinators and the mating function as biodiversity drivers and agents of the evolutionary convergence of stylar polymorphisms, I will test the similarity in the mating function of Linum in pairs of populations and species from the MB and CFR through pollen transfer experiments using a novel methodology based in quantum dots.
Campo scientifico
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiological morphologycomparative morphology
- engineering and technologymedical engineeringdiagnostic imagingcomputed tomography
- natural scienceschemical sciencesinorganic chemistrytransition metals
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesevolutionary biology
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyecosystems
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinatore
41004 Sevilla
Spagna