Descripción del proyecto
Comprensión de la mente de los insectos invasores
Las especies de insectos invasores suelen provocar daños ecológicos y económicos al dañar cultivos y medios de subsistencia. Las hormigas invasoras pueden ser especialmente perjudiciales para los ecosistemas y son casi imposibles de controlar. Las soluciones tradicionales, como la pulverización de insecticidas, no son eficaces, ya que las hormigas están a salvo en su hormiguero, y los cebos con insecticida no suelen tener éxito, posiblemente porque las hormigas aprenden a evitarlos. El proyecto COGNITIVE CONTROL, financiado con fondos europeos, se propone desarrollar métodos nuevos para controlar insectos invasores mediante el empleo de técnicas vanguardistas para aprovechar sus capacidades cognitivas. Para ello, se adaptarán las técnicas de psicología del consumidor a fin de manipular a las hormigas y, además, se modificará cualquier inmunidad conductual con sustancias químicas neuroactivas. El objetivo último de COGNITIVE CONTROL es proporcionar nuevos métodos en la lucha contra las especies exóticas invasoras.
Objetivo
The aim of COGNITIVE CONTROL is to gain fundamental insights into individual and collective cognition and apply them to the emerging global challenge of invasive animal control. Invasive ants are ecologically devastating, economically damaging, and almost impossible to control. Ants are protected physically and by social immunity. However, their cognitive abilities are almost universally ignored, and offer novel angles of attack. Applying behavioural economic and psychological concepts, I will open the new field of Cognitive Control of invasive animals.
In Work Package 1 I will use microeconomic tools to gain unprecedented insights into insect preference structures. Individual choice will be steered using behavioural economic and cognitive interventions. Psychological effects, such as conditioned taste aversion, which may cripple current alien species management, will be tested and overcome. Finally, I will use neuroactives (e.g. caffeine) to improve learning and manipulate preference. In WP2 I will take the WP1 manipulations on to the colony level to gain deep insights into collective cognition. By tracing trophallactic networks I will broaden our understanding of social immunity, which protects ant colonies from attack, and learn to disrupt it. In WP3, I will translate our results into field interventions. These will be tested in buildings with an industrial partner, and in natural environments to combat a damaging invasive ant infestation. Finally, in WP4, we will ask whether behavioural economic manipulations are already being deployed in the natural world, by plants attempting to manipulate their pollinators.
Ignoring cognition has left a critical knowledge gap in invasive species control. This project brings comparative psychology and behavioural economics to conservation, and will establish Europe as a major player in invasive ant control. The interdisciplinary approach will yield innovative insights into decision making in insects, by offering new conceptual frameworks. Introducing cognition to manipulate preferences will revolutionize invasive species control worldwide. Introducing behavioural economics to an understanding of plant-pollinator interactions will force us reassess previously-held assumptions about the mutualistic nature of plant communication.
Ámbito científico
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-STG - Starting GrantInstitución de acogida
93053 Regensburg
Alemania