Periodic Reporting for period 1 - ENGIMMONIA (Sustainable technologies for future long distance shipping towards complete decarbonisation)
Berichtszeitraum: 2021-05-01 bis 2022-10-31
The decarbonisation of shipping is a key step in the global fight against climate change. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has adopted mandatory measures to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases from international shipping. One proposal is ammonia – a potential carbon-free marine fuel. One drawback, however, is the risk of N2O emissions which have a significantly higher Global Warming Potential than the reference CO2. ENGIMMONIA will promote the global introduction of alternative fuels like ammonia and transfer clean energy technologies successfully demonstrated in terrestrial applications, like waste heat recovery and renewables, to the maritime sector. It will explore the benefits of carbon-free fuel for vessel engine application and develop a strategy to mitigate emissions in particular N2O with a suitable exhaust aftertreatment system for engines running on ammonia to ensure a significant reduction potential of greenhouse gases.
ENGIMMONIA will study the benefits of using a carbon-free fuel like ammonia in demonstrator engines, by evaluating the exhaust gas emissions with a strong focus on N2O and by mitigating them with a suitable exhaust after-treatment system. These benefits will be coupled with a number of selected clean energy technologies like: (1) waste heat recovery solutions based on ORC and adsorption chiller for the production of electricity and space cooling respectively, (2) renewables integration on board thanks to the installation of PV composite surface easily installable on vessel structural parts, (3) on board fuel/energy/heat management optimization via real time Energy Management System; towards the creation of ENGIMMONIA polygeneration energy hub.
The plan is to demonstrate technologies at TRL>5 in real scale lab-engines and on board of three vessels: an oil tanker (FAMOUS), a container ship (DANAOS) and a ferry (ANEK) thus proving their replicability on board of different type of vessels.
To guarantee ENGIMMONIA innovations wide acceptance, maritime sector’s key players are involved (C-JOB, MAN, RINA-C etc.) while other are interacting as stakeholders, also supporting IMO and IACS initiatives at policy/regulatory level.
ENGIMMONIA will study the benefits of using a carbon-free fuel like ammonia in demonstrator engines, by evaluating the exhaust gas emissions with a strong focus on N2O and by mitigating them with a suitable exhaust after-treatment system. These benefits will be coupled with a number of selected clean energy technologies like: (1) waste heat recovery solutions based on ORC and adsorption chiller for the production of electricity and space cooling respectively, (2) renewables integration on board thanks to the installation of PV composite surface easily installable on vessel structural parts, (3) on board fuel/energy/heat management optimization via real time Energy Management System; towards the creation of ENGIMMONIA polygeneration energy hub.
The plan is to demonstrate technologies at TRL>5 in real scale lab-engines and on board of three vessels: an oil tanker (FAMOUS), a container ship (DANAOS) and a ferry (ANEK) thus proving their replicability on board of different type of vessels.
To guarantee ENGIMMONIA innovations wide acceptance, maritime sector’s key players are involved (C-JOB, MAN, RINA-C etc.) while other are interacting as stakeholders, also supporting IMO and IACS initiatives at policy/regulatory level.
The project started in May 2021 and reached the end of the first period by the end of October 2022 (M18).
During the period all the Work Packages have started and have advanced according with plans. No major deviation has been noticed.
WP1 is about the overall project management.
The objectives of WP2 are the development of experimentally validated prediction tools needed for designing and optimizing commercial applications of ammonia powered ship engines.
The aim of WP3 is to evaluate the engine out emissions of full-scale engines operating on ammonia fuel. A particular focus has been given on N2O emissions to guarantee the reduction of GHG using non-carbon-based fuel such as ammonia.
The objectives of WP4 are categorized in three pillars: development and evaluation of N2O abatement solution, improvement of existing aftertreatment systems and control strategies (SCR) for the ammonia engine and assessment of overall emission performance.
WP5 provides the basic design for the green technologies to be integrated on board: the ORC system, the adsorption chiller, the PV panels, and the energy management system. The WP is advancing according to plans and no major deviations can be observed.
WP6 deals with the integration of all the technologies on board. The most difficult action here is to coordinate the planned timing of activities with the availability of ships . However, this initial phase of integration (ORC) is proceeding with no major deviations. Respect to the initial selection of demo ships, a different oil tanker has been proposed (Princess Vanya instead of City of Tokyo).
WP7 targets the modelling of the ENGIMMONIA technologies, enabling their techno-economic evaluation, environmental and market assessment as well as scale-up feasibility.
WP8 is about the investigation of non-technical aspects. Monitoring of IMO and EC target group activities is carried out constantly and an in-depth analysis was carried out focusing on Regulatory framework, Classification requirements, Certification schemes for marine equipment and Test procedures, supplemented with interpretation on requirements appliance that came also from the participation to WP5 and WP6 works
WP9 takes care of the dissemination, communication and exploitation of results and has already reached some of its goals, thanks to a well-planned participation/organization of events and the involvement of stakeholders
During the period all the Work Packages have started and have advanced according with plans. No major deviation has been noticed.
WP1 is about the overall project management.
The objectives of WP2 are the development of experimentally validated prediction tools needed for designing and optimizing commercial applications of ammonia powered ship engines.
The aim of WP3 is to evaluate the engine out emissions of full-scale engines operating on ammonia fuel. A particular focus has been given on N2O emissions to guarantee the reduction of GHG using non-carbon-based fuel such as ammonia.
The objectives of WP4 are categorized in three pillars: development and evaluation of N2O abatement solution, improvement of existing aftertreatment systems and control strategies (SCR) for the ammonia engine and assessment of overall emission performance.
WP5 provides the basic design for the green technologies to be integrated on board: the ORC system, the adsorption chiller, the PV panels, and the energy management system. The WP is advancing according to plans and no major deviations can be observed.
WP6 deals with the integration of all the technologies on board. The most difficult action here is to coordinate the planned timing of activities with the availability of ships . However, this initial phase of integration (ORC) is proceeding with no major deviations. Respect to the initial selection of demo ships, a different oil tanker has been proposed (Princess Vanya instead of City of Tokyo).
WP7 targets the modelling of the ENGIMMONIA technologies, enabling their techno-economic evaluation, environmental and market assessment as well as scale-up feasibility.
WP8 is about the investigation of non-technical aspects. Monitoring of IMO and EC target group activities is carried out constantly and an in-depth analysis was carried out focusing on Regulatory framework, Classification requirements, Certification schemes for marine equipment and Test procedures, supplemented with interpretation on requirements appliance that came also from the participation to WP5 and WP6 works
WP9 takes care of the dissemination, communication and exploitation of results and has already reached some of its goals, thanks to a well-planned participation/organization of events and the involvement of stakeholders
• WP2: The main result is the description of the kinetic mechanism of ammonia/n-heptane combustion. The mechanism developed is state of the art in the field and is a strong improvement of previous mechanisms.
• WP3: a 4-stroke Co-operative Fuel Research engine was setup to perform the ammonia experiments at DTU. A large test matrix was developed to examine a large range of operation conditions. At MAN, a procedure was developed for measuring the specific emissions in the context of the 2-stroke demonstrator in preparation of the next experimental campaign in this WP.
• WP4: the output of the thorough literature review on active materials for N2O abatement is a review paper, preliminary testing of a first set of materials for N2O abatement led to the rejection of some candidate materials due to very low conversion efficiency, some particular phenomena that may potentially affect the operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system have been investigated using modelling.
• WP5: the prototype of ORC is finalized and ready for installation on board. It has been identified the best heat exchanger design for adsorption cooling machine. Material solutions have been tested at lab scale and module scale-up has been performed. Support structure is under development. Electrical diagrams for the PV systems on-bard under development. Real-time and secure data transmission from vessel to cloud has been developed and tool development has advanced.
• WP6, the most advanced subtask is the ORC integration, for which the basic and detailed engineering has been completed by C-JOB, leading to the approval in principle that has been granted by RINA-S. The safety and operating issues that have been identified from all involved partners (C-JOB, FAMOUS, ORCAN, NTUA), in that period, have set the basis for clear integration guidelines to be presented in the associated deliverable.
• WP7: a first emissions modelling for various type of vessels and vessel sizes has been performed, following the 4th GHG study by IMO. At the same time vessel data provided by the respective partners are being processed, to model the available waste heat on-board.
• WP8: monitoring of IMO and EC target group activities has been continuously performed, and IMO and EU regulatory framework for ammonia is not yet available (Guidelines for the safety of ships using ammonia as fuel are not expected before 2024) but some Rules have been issued by Classification Societies.
• WP9, Launch of the first communication kit for the project, including a poster, brochure, flyer, presentation, and press release. Launch of the website and of the main social media channels (LinkedIn, Twitter). Preparation of newsletters. Organization of the launch event in Posidonia, Athens (June 21). Speeches in remote workshops and in physical exhibition
• WP3: a 4-stroke Co-operative Fuel Research engine was setup to perform the ammonia experiments at DTU. A large test matrix was developed to examine a large range of operation conditions. At MAN, a procedure was developed for measuring the specific emissions in the context of the 2-stroke demonstrator in preparation of the next experimental campaign in this WP.
• WP4: the output of the thorough literature review on active materials for N2O abatement is a review paper, preliminary testing of a first set of materials for N2O abatement led to the rejection of some candidate materials due to very low conversion efficiency, some particular phenomena that may potentially affect the operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system have been investigated using modelling.
• WP5: the prototype of ORC is finalized and ready for installation on board. It has been identified the best heat exchanger design for adsorption cooling machine. Material solutions have been tested at lab scale and module scale-up has been performed. Support structure is under development. Electrical diagrams for the PV systems on-bard under development. Real-time and secure data transmission from vessel to cloud has been developed and tool development has advanced.
• WP6, the most advanced subtask is the ORC integration, for which the basic and detailed engineering has been completed by C-JOB, leading to the approval in principle that has been granted by RINA-S. The safety and operating issues that have been identified from all involved partners (C-JOB, FAMOUS, ORCAN, NTUA), in that period, have set the basis for clear integration guidelines to be presented in the associated deliverable.
• WP7: a first emissions modelling for various type of vessels and vessel sizes has been performed, following the 4th GHG study by IMO. At the same time vessel data provided by the respective partners are being processed, to model the available waste heat on-board.
• WP8: monitoring of IMO and EC target group activities has been continuously performed, and IMO and EU regulatory framework for ammonia is not yet available (Guidelines for the safety of ships using ammonia as fuel are not expected before 2024) but some Rules have been issued by Classification Societies.
• WP9, Launch of the first communication kit for the project, including a poster, brochure, flyer, presentation, and press release. Launch of the website and of the main social media channels (LinkedIn, Twitter). Preparation of newsletters. Organization of the launch event in Posidonia, Athens (June 21). Speeches in remote workshops and in physical exhibition