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Risultati sfruttabili
The Problem Definition work package highlighted the current and emerging trends within ATC decision support tools. The distinction between safety-net (short-term predictions) and decision support tools highlighted was important because it directed the focus of the analysis into improved weather forecasting. Meteorological conditions form an important input into the trajectory prediction process. The emerging trend is towards decision support tools, with trajectory accuracy of key importance. Better trajectory prediction will lead to better performance from trajectory prediction decision support tools.
The same work package examined the current and emerging trends in what the meteorological service provides to aviation. To improve the weather forecast service to aviation, three key steps were highlighted:
- new and better observing systems are needed, to relate what the atmosphere is doing now
- improved nowcasting and forecasting techniques are required
- better communications are needed, both on the ground and in the air (datalinks are expected to be important)
The three weather elements of most importance to ATC are:
- wind in all phases of flight (climb, cruise, descent)
- temperature in climb- cloud (for anti-icing) in descent
- The Operational Requirements Capture phase concluded the Problem Definition phase by recording the operators' needs for future trajectory prediction based tools. The focus in future is decision based tools rather than safety-net tools (even though controllers currently place more emphasis on the latter) because computer assistance tools are based on trajectory prediction.
- The report concluded that improved meteorological information is required in the following areas
- wind speed and direction
- temperature
- icing conditions
- significant meteorological conditions
- Oceanic airspace has a requirement for improved jet stream forecasts.
The Operational Requirements Documents for EATCHIP III Advanced ATM Functions identified the operational need for a minimum trajectory accuracy required as +30/-120s for Top of Climb/Descent and (30s for ETO/A.
For all operational usage, the requirement for nowcasting was expressed.
From the conclusions reached in the preceding work packages, the Problem Analysis work package identified nine scenarios that would be modelled. These were:
- wind during cruise
- temperature during cruise
- wind shear effects of a trough during cruise
- temperature effects of a front during cruise
- temperature during climb
- wind during climb
- cloud during descent
- .wind during descent
deviations to avoid significant weather
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