Obiettivo
THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE IS TO CONTRIBUTE TO THE DOMESTIC, INDUSTRIAL AND ECONOMIC WELLBEING OF BOTH THE RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF SCOTLAND THROUGH A PROGRAMME OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LEADING TO THE AVAILABILITY OF IMPROVED HEATING FACILITIES UTILIZING A CHEAP INDIGENOUS FUEL WITH ACCEPTABLY LOW ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION.
The information on the general distribution and current status of the Scottish peat resource, is held within the National Peatland Database for Scotland.
The suitability of peat as a fuel was assessed from samples from 20 undeveloped sites and 42sites where dried peat was produced and marketed as a fuel. The properties tested such as decomposition values, fibre and wood content and ash content, indicated that the peat was suitable for use as a fuel. However, high concentrations of ash and sulphur content were found at certain depths in the profile at certain sites which adversely affect quality. Also, the smoke emission rates were too high for peat to be considered for authorization as a smokeless fuel.
The mean calorfic value of peat marketed for fuel in Scotland was 12.9 MJ kg{-1} (wet basis) at a mean moisture content of 42% (wet basis). Tests on experimental briquettes of sod peat showed that the moisture content, bulk density and calorific value were rather variable.
The rate of postharvest drying of sod peat outdoors was related to whether it had been crushed or not and the pressure of a cover and lateral ventilation.
A laboratory study of the drying of peat in thin layers in the absence of solar radiation demonstrated that the drying rate could be evaluated from a knowledge of peat size and the relative humidity of the air when the flow rate was not limiting.
The resistance to air flow through beds of peat 0.5 m in depth was strongly dependent on the peat size.
Several commerically available combustion appliances were capable of burning peat but any automatic feeding mechanisms required that the peat fuel be first crushed.
A feeding system was then developed which was capable of handling uncrushed sod peat with automatic controls.
The use of peat in domestic appliances designed for coal was found to be unsatisfactory whereas appliances designed for wood and waste fuels were found to have adequate combustion volume capacity, although adjustme nt to the combustion controls was necessary for smoke control.
THE PROJECT WILL CONTAIN THE FOLLOWING ACTIONS :
- TO EXAMINE THE COMPOSITION, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF A WIDE RANGE OF TYPES OF SCOTTISH PEAT;
- TO EXAMINE THE SUITABILITY OF COMBUSTION APPLIANCES DESIGNED FOR BITUMINOUS AND OTHER TYPES OF COAL WHEN USED WITH PEAT OF DIFFERENT COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE UK CLEAN AIR ACT (1956);
- TO DEVELOP TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING AND FEEDING FUEL PEAT OF DIFFERENT TYPES INTO COMBUSTION APPLIANCES FOR DOMESTIC AND SEMI-INDUSTRIAL/INSTITUTIONAL USE IN AN EFFICIENT AND ENVIRONMENTALLY ACCEPTABLE WAY;
- TO DRAW UP PROPOSED STANDARDS FOR FUEL PEAT AND PEAT COMBUSTION APPLIANCES WHICH CAN BE USED AS AN ACCEPTABLE BASIS FOR THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION, SALE AND UTILIZATION OF FUEL PEAT WHITHIN THE UK.
IT IS ANTICIPATED THAT THE RESULTS OF THIS RESEARCH PROGRAMME WILL PROVIDE SUFFICIENT INFORMATION ON THE TECHNICAL COMBUSTION CHARACTERISTICS OF SCOTTISH FUEL PEAT TO PERMIT ITS ACCEPTANCE, UNDER SPECIFIED CONDITIONS, AS A LEGALLY APPROVED SMOKE-FREE FUEL WITHIN THE PROVISIONS OF THE UK CLEAN AIR ACT (1956).THE SPECIFIED COMBUSTION CONDITIONS WILL BE EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF CERTAIN APPLIANCE CHARACTERISTICS WHICH WILL BE DEFINED IN THE LIGHT OF THE COMBUSTION TESTS UNDERTAKEN ON FULL SCALE APPLIANCES OF CONTRASTING TYPE. BECAUSE OF THE CONSIDERABLE VARIABILITY OF COMPOSITION AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FUEL PEAT, IT WILL BE NECESSARY TO ESTABLISH BOTH THE WHITHIN SITE AND BETWEEN SITE VARIABILITY ASPECTS OF SCOTTISH FUEL PEAT.
THE PROBLEM OF FEEDING FUEL PEAT INTO MODERN APPLIANCES WILL BE EXAMINED AND RELATED TO THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FUEL PEAT. IT IS HOPED THAT EXISTING OR NEW FEED MECHANISMS CAN BE EVALUATED WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON OPERATION UNDER AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS. IT IS ANTICIPATED THAT A SET OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR FUEL PEAT AND ASSOCIATED COMBUSTION APPLIANCES CAN BE DRAWN UP FOR USE BY THOSE INVOLVED IN THE COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION, HANDLING AND UTILIZATION OF FUEL PEAT.
Campo scientifico (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifica i progetti con EuroSciVoc, una tassonomia multilingue dei campi scientifici, attraverso un processo semi-automatico basato su tecniche NLP. Cfr.: Il Vocabolario Scientifico Europeo.
CORDIS classifica i progetti con EuroSciVoc, una tassonomia multilingue dei campi scientifici, attraverso un processo semi-automatico basato su tecniche NLP. Cfr.: Il Vocabolario Scientifico Europeo.
- ingegneria e tecnologia ingegneria elettrica, ingegneria elettronica, ingegneria informatica ingegneria elettronica sistemi di controllo
- ingegneria e tecnologia ingegneria ambientale energia e carburanti energia da combustibili fossili carbone
- scienze naturali scienze della terra e scienze ambientali connesse scienze dell'atmosfera meteorologia radiazione solare
- scienze naturali scienze della terra e scienze ambientali connesse scienze ambientali inquinamento
- scienze agricole agricoltura, silvicoltura e pesca silvicoltura
È necessario effettuare l’accesso o registrarsi per utilizzare questa funzione
Programma(i)
Programmi di finanziamento pluriennali che definiscono le priorità dell’UE in materia di ricerca e innovazione.
Programmi di finanziamento pluriennali che definiscono le priorità dell’UE in materia di ricerca e innovazione.
Argomento(i)
Gli inviti a presentare proposte sono suddivisi per argomenti. Un argomento definisce un’area o un tema specifico per il quale i candidati possono presentare proposte. La descrizione di un argomento comprende il suo ambito specifico e l’impatto previsto del progetto finanziato.
Dati non disponibili
Gli inviti a presentare proposte sono suddivisi per argomenti. Un argomento definisce un’area o un tema specifico per il quale i candidati possono presentare proposte. La descrizione di un argomento comprende il suo ambito specifico e l’impatto previsto del progetto finanziato.
Invito a presentare proposte
Procedura per invitare i candidati a presentare proposte di progetti, con l’obiettivo di ricevere finanziamenti dall’UE.
Dati non disponibili
Procedura per invitare i candidati a presentare proposte di progetti, con l’obiettivo di ricevere finanziamenti dall’UE.
Meccanismo di finanziamento
Meccanismo di finanziamento (o «Tipo di azione») all’interno di un programma con caratteristiche comuni. Specifica: l’ambito di ciò che viene finanziato; il tasso di rimborso; i criteri di valutazione specifici per qualificarsi per il finanziamento; l’uso di forme semplificate di costi come gli importi forfettari.
Meccanismo di finanziamento (o «Tipo di azione») all’interno di un programma con caratteristiche comuni. Specifica: l’ambito di ciò che viene finanziato; il tasso di rimborso; i criteri di valutazione specifici per qualificarsi per il finanziamento; l’uso di forme semplificate di costi come gli importi forfettari.
Coordinatore
EH26 0PH Penicuik
Regno Unito
I costi totali sostenuti dall’organizzazione per partecipare al progetto, compresi i costi diretti e indiretti. Questo importo è un sottoinsieme del bilancio complessivo del progetto.