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Fission product release from molten pools

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Release of fission products during the late phase of a severe reactor accident could occur at a point where the integrity of the containment vessel is threatened and result in risk-dominant discharges of radioactivity to the environment. The importance of such late-phase releases has been identified in a number of probabilistic safety assessments and other sensitivity studies. However, whilst a reasonable database exists on the releases of the more volatile fission products from intact fuel, very little is known on the nature of the releases of the less volatile fission products and core materials from a degraded state. Whilst it is planned to study such late-phase releases in test FPT-4 of the Phebus programme (scheduled 1998), it will not be possible to gain a mechanistic understanding of the phenomena involved.
Therefore, the objective of this 28-month project is to provide an experimental database on the kinetics of release of fission products and core materials from molten fuel. Twelve experiments would be conducted at relatively small scale ( kg) to determine the key phenomena affecting release (ie. vaporization, bubble release, oxidation potential, impact of slag formation). The work would involve both simulant experiments (eg. trace quantities of ruthenium, barium and strontium in an agitated molten metal/metal oxide system) and active studies (involving the release of plutonium, europium, americium and other key actinides from a metal/metal oxide system). Ten further nonactive experiments would be conducted in a complementary facility to examine the release of simulant fission products from molten UO2/ZrO2 maintained at approximately 2800 C. These studies would also provide information on the volatilization of UO2. Models for the late-phase release will be developed in parallel with the experimental work; these models will be of a general form that can be included in all fission product release codes. Plant assessments would also be conducted to address the impact of the new data on issues such as the long-term coolability of molten fuel. The results from this programme should provide a good understanding of late-phase release issues and aid in interpreting the integral Phebus-FPT-4 validation experiment. This programme should generate experimental data on fission product release from molten pools, and enable theoretical models to be validated. These goals are consistent with Research Task B3.1 of the fission safety programme, and also impact on areas Bl.l Bl.4 B2.1 and B3.2. This work would enable issues identified as high priority within the international community to be resolved. The work would also complement the Phebus-FP studies, providing separate-effects data with which to interpret these key integral experiments.

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Finanzierungsplan

CSC - Cost-sharing contracts

Koordinator

AEA Technology plc
EU-Beitrag
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Adresse
Winfrith Technology Centre
DT2 8DH Dorchester
Vereinigtes Königreich

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Letzte Aktualisierung: 30 Januar 1997

Mein Booklet

Permalink: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/FI4S960021/de

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