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Since the concept of group was clarified by Evariste Galois in 1832 for the theory of equations, group theory has become a leading field in mathematics and spred its influence in many scientific domains. Felix Klein showed its dominant role in geometry; Joseph Fourier started representation theory, Sophus Lie introduced the continuous transformation groups. Group theory contributes decisively to physics (relativity, thermodynamics, elementary particles, field theory, quantum mechanics) chemistry (christallography, molecular dynamics), and biology (braid groups and ADN).

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UNIVERSITÉ PARIS 7 DENIS DIDEROT
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