Exploitable results
A questionnaire has developed a battery of questions on ethnicity, nationalism and citizenship which has become a model for other investigators in this field, both in the NIS and in other countries facing ethnic divisions throughout the world. This achievement is highly significant, as it recognises the value and reliability of measures of these social concepts, and allows the social scientific community as a whole to extend the analysis to other areas. Related to this, the questionnaire as a whole can be the template for further studies in the NIS which are currently in the planning stage. Elements of the questionnaire are being used in other work sponsored by the European Union in Russia and in Ukraine.
The results of these studies shows the importance and value of the comparative approach outlined in the objectives, and in particular show the importance of institutional and historical factors in conditioning the extent of actual or anticipated ethnic conflict and ethnic distance. At the same time, the analysis has shown the relatively weak relationship that exists in some states, and especially in those directly investigated in the primary research, between ethnic rights, on the one hand, and citizenship and democracy on the other. This latter result is taken to be an important positive preliminary conclusion of the study.
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