Advanced combustion and gasification of fuel blends and diagnostics of alkali and heavy metal release

Exploitable results

Thermal utilization of residues and industrial wastes in combination with fossil fuels and/or biomass will become a very important factor in future energy production in Europe from the viewpoint of environmental aspects, the careful use of resources on fossil fuels as well as developing/increasing new market segments for decentralized energy production. But also in existing markets and technologies like iron and steel or cement production the utilization of residues or wastes might play a more important role in future. The main goal of the project "Advanced Combustion and Gasification of Fuel Blends and Diagnostics of Alkali and Heavy Metal Release" was the investigation and development of data and technologies for commercial use of wastes in industrial applications. The basis for our investigation on industrial wastes was the availability of various products suitable for combustion and /or gasification. In the project we have focussed the work mainly on wastes from textile industries as well as waste plastics from different sources. The necessary facilities for processing the wastes (i.e. sorting, separating, grinding, blending, etc.) were available at the partners. Extensive test series were performed in order to find an optimized preparation process either for single wastes or groups of wastes under consideration of economic and feasibility aspects. Investigation on fuel blend combustion contained the supply of high quality fuel blends from the partners involved in the preparation and production of these blends. Most necessary combustion facilities were already available at the companies/institutes. Extensive test series in the various facilities ranging from 0.05 MWe up to 39 MWe were performed in order the characterize the combustion processes with special attention to the items given above. To study the gasification of the prepared fuel blends from industrial wastes and coal a pressurized circulating fluidized bed and an atmospheric entrained flow gasifier were available. For combustion tests of product gases the facilities were equipped with on-line analysers for the flue gas components NH3 , hydrocarbons, NOx , N2 O, SO2 , CO, CO2 and O2 . Further analyses were carried out by a FTIR-analyser.

The main goal of the project "Advanced Combustion and Gasification of Fuel Blends and Diagnostics of Alkali and Heavy Metal Release" was the investigation and development of data and technologies for commercial use of wastes in industrial applications. The basis for the investigation on industrial wastes was the availability of various products suitable for combustion and /or gasification. In the project we have focused the work mainly on wastes from textile industries as well as waste plastics from different sources. It can be stated at the end of the project that all 20 partners have worked together in a very co-operative way, that all groups have reached the main goals of their planned working packages and that a number of results have been obtained for later technical/industrial use as described above. However, some of the work has shown that there is still demand for additional development before using the results commercially. Due to the large amount of waste plastics in Europe thermal utilisation will be an attractive option in a number of industrial applications, however, as already described, standardisation equalisation of national laws and reduction of preparation costs must be considered and solutions must be developed. In the case of environmental standards for incineration plants, a European law is already underway which will be extremely useful for utilisation of the waste plastics. The textile waste market seems to be very limited and it can be concluded that due to the limited amount of textile wastes for thermal utilisation the material will only be of interest for local application in grite firing in some regions of Europe, however, the material can be used in combination with biomass and can improve the combustion behaviour of boilers.

Exploitable results

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