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Leistungen
A 1 Megawatt (MW) turbine was developed early in the project and in the summer of 1996 the prototype turbine was erected at Tjúreborg near Esbjerg, Denmark. The so-called CombiStall adaptive stall regulation system was developed as a simple version of the adaptive part of the project. The serial version of the turbine is fitted with this system.
In relation to the machine learning techniques, suitable sensor technologies were investigated and the optimum sensor type was selected. A control unit based on machine learning techniques was developed, using a neuro-fuzzy algorithm, combining the benefits of the neural network in the learning process with the robustness of the fuzzy regulator in the control process. The adaptive regulator was provided with operating experience by combination with a typical aeroelastic code used for structural load calculations in the turbine design.
The potential benefits of full-blown adaptive regulation were found to be somewhat disappointing. This was confirmed by practical experiments. The conclusion was that the benefits of adaptive regulation were unlikely to outweigh the disadvantages of the additional complexity.
For the variable speed necessary in the adaptive regulation a competitive industrial drive was developed, using the latest higher-voltage insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT) and filter technologies. The resulting drive system would be generally available on the market for both wind turbines and other industrial use. The variable speed drive is now part of ABB Industry OY of Finland, standard program for large frequency converters.
Since the full-blown adaptive regulation did not provide the benefits looked for, the serial production 1 MW turbine has constant-speed operation, not using the variable speed drive.
For the investigation of less visually obtrusive wind turbines Risø National Laboratory of Denmark, developed a successful technology for the manufacturing of translucent rotor blades. However, field experiments showed that while the transparency worked well under some conditions, it was giving higher visibility under other conditions. Consequently, the idea was abandoned. A more successful result was achieved with a new type of surface coating, leading to a better adaptation to the background lights and hues than the present-day light grey colour.
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