Descripción del proyecto
Aplicaciones biológicas de la dinámica poblacional
¿Cómo ha surgido la biodiversidad actual? ¿Cómo se transforma un solo óvulo fertilizado en un organismo funcional? ¿Qué factores rigen la propagación de un patógeno durante una epidemia? Las respuestas a estas preguntas dependen de los procesos subyacentes a la dinámica poblacional, es decir, la replicación y el cambio de los individuos. El proyecto PhyCogy, financiado con fondos europeos, formula y caracteriza modelos que describen la replicación y el cambio de los individuos. El llamado marco de modelización filodinámico obtenido se aplicará a datos genómicos a fin de responder a las preguntas anteriores y otras relacionadas que abarcan los campos de la macroevolución, la epidemiología y el desarrollo. La generalización del marco desarrollado permite la aplicación futura a distintas escalas biológicas como la microbiología, la virología, la ecología, la inmunología y el cáncer.
Objetivo
How did the current biodiversity emerge? How does a single fertilised egg develop into a functioning organism? Which factors govern the spread of a pathogen during an epidemic? The answers to these questions depend on the underlying population dynamic processes, i.e. the replication and change of individuals. I will establish fundamental rules of population dynamic processes within the project PhyCogy.
I hypothesize that applying statistical tools to phylogenetic trees uncovers these fundamental rules. Such statistical phylodynamic inference is possible since trees display replication events together with the genotypes and phenotypes of individuals. However, the phylodynamic technique has only been widely applied in the disciplines of macroevolution and epidemiology.
In Part I of the PhyCogy project, I will lay generalizable mathematical, statistical, and computational foundations for phylodynamics. In particular, I will formulate, explore, and apply novel phylodynamic models that are appropriate for neutral as well as selective or developmental processes. I will then investigate whether the newly proposed phylodynamic models allow us to reconcile competing theories within macroevolution and real-time epidemiology.
In Part II, the proposed phylodynamic models are then used to investigate the development of multicellular organisms. I will quantify brain development based on human stem-cell derived organoids as well as zebrafish using single cell data obtained both via CRISPR-Cas9-based lineage tracing and transcriptome sequencing.
The project PhyCogy establishes a phylodynamic foundation, quantifying core population dynamic processes in macroevolution, epidemiology, and development. Importantly, the generalizability of the framework allows for future application across biological scales, leading to the rules of population dynamic processes in disciplines as diverse as microbiology, virology, ecology, immunology, or cancer.
Ámbito científico
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitución de acogida
8092 Zuerich
Suiza