Descrizione del progetto
Un approccio semplificato di correzione degli errori quantistici favorisce il calcolo quantistico
La coerenza quantistica, ovvero la sovrapposizione di stati meccanici quantistici che durano tipicamente soltanto una frazione di secondo, permette la formazione di due onde quantiche che interferiscono tra loro in maniera coerente. È la base del calcolo quantistico, per cui gli scienziati hanno sviluppato tecniche di correzione degli errori quantistici per proteggere le informazioni quantistiche dagli errori dovuti alla decoerenza. Le soluzioni attuali sono molto dispendiose in termini di risorse e ostacoleranno il progresso delle applicazioni di prossima generazione e l’uso diffuso. Il progetto SuperProtected, finanziato dall’UE, svilupperà una soluzione che potrebbe centuplicando il tempo di coerenza, semplificando notevolmente al contempo i requisiti hardware.
Obiettivo
The quantum computer dream is driven by promises of unprecedented capabilities but is also facing a stark reality: quantum coherence is as powerful as it is difficult to protect. Quantum Error Correction (QEC) aims to extend coherence using redundancies but leads to solutions that are extremely resource-intensive: at present, protecting one bit of information requires at least ten thousand physical qubits. The main objective of this proposal is to engineer a new type of superconducting qubit, which will be intrinsically protected against de-coherence. Instead of matching the qubit states to the number of Cooper pairs or flux quanta of a given circuit, as is usually done, SuperProtected will exploit a completely new encoding scheme: quantum information will be stored as the parity of the number of Cooper pairs. This will be achieved by building a circuit component where charge transport occurs as pairs of Cooper pairs (4e-tunneling) while the standard single pair transport (2e-tunneling), or Josephson current, is reduced to zero. This new paradigm implies inductances with unprecedented value (10μH), also known as superinductances. The novel approach builds on two technological steps: a new high-kinetic inductance superconductor (InOx) and suspended silicon membranes. Improvement of the coherence time over current state-of-the-art is expected to be two orders of magnitude. The proposed qubits offer another major advantage: protected gates can be implemented using a simple modification of the architecture. The resulting protected qubit will extend the frontiers of the current knowledge in QEC and bring down the hardware requirements for a logical qubit by several orders of magnitude. Such a result would considerably change the quantum computing landscape.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantIstituzione ospitante
75794 Paris
Francia