Consequences of conspiracy theories

Descripción del proyecto

¿Qué ocurre cuando caemos en las teorías conspirativas?

Las teorías conspirativas, como la idea de que el cambio climático es un engaño o que el virus de la COVID-19 fue fabricado en un laboratorio chino, prosperan en los momentos de crisis y de agitación social. Sin embargo, poco se sabe sobre sus consecuencias para las personas, los grupos y las sociedades. El proyecto CONSPIRACY_FX, financiado por el Consejo Europeo de Investigación, irá más allá de la situación actual para identificar cuándo, cómo y por qué importan las teorías conspirativas. Investigará en qué medida este tipo de teorías contribuyen a las políticas extremistas y populistas, a la indecisión respecto a las vacunas y a la reticencia a luchar contra el cambio climático. El proyecto también buscará comprender mejor qué pierden y qué ganan los políticos y las élites con la difusión de teorías conspirativas.

Objetivo

The rise of conspiracy theories is often framed as a cause of various social ills such as declining public trust in democracy, the growing allure of populist and extremist politics, and the rejection of scientific consensus in favour of hearsay and fake news. However, the extent to which conspiracy theories contribute to these problems is not clear. Despite hundreds of academic articles on this topic in recent years, and significant interest in conspiracy theories in both academic and non-academic circles, there has never been a systematic investigation of their consequences. In fact, we know very little about when, how, and why conspiracy theories affect the decisions and wellbeing of individuals and societies.

The current project will address this issue, pulling together a team of three postdoctoral researchers, two PhD students, one Masters student, and senior collaborators from a range of academic disciplines. To discover when and how conspiracy theories are influential, three sub-projects will each focus on one of the key contexts in which conspiracy theories have shown the most potential to shape people’s beliefs and behaviours: politics, vaccination, and climate change. To understand why conspiracy theories are influential, a fourth sub-project will focus on the consequences of conspiracy theories for the persons who spread them, concentrating in particular on the use of conspiracy theories by politicians and other elites.

A project on this scale, and with this level of sophistication, has never been attempted before. It will adopt a mixed-methods approach using archival and social media analyses, interviews, cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys, and experiments (including attitude, behavioural, cognitive/neuropsychological and physiological techniques). This project will move significantly beyond the state-of-the-art in the literature to identify when, how, and why conspiracy theories matter.