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Using comparative genomics to uncover the origins of phenotypic modularity in squamate reptiles

Descripción del proyecto

La diversidad del cráneo y las extremidades en reptiles escamosos

Los elementos ultraconservados (UCE) son regiones del genoma altamente conservadas en organismos filogenéticamente distantes. Muchas de estas regiones desempeñan funciones esenciales durante el desarrollo para determinar la morfología, por lo que, si se eliminan, se pueden producir cambios notables en el cráneo y las extremidades de los mamíferos. Con todo, aún no se ha estudiado en detalle el papel causal que desempeñan durante el desarrollo. En el proyecto ULTRAMOD, financiado con fondos europeos, se emplearán los UCE para caracterizar los paisajes potenciadores en reptiles escamosos que, en teoría, determinan su diversidad craneal y de extremidades. Mediante el empleo de datos de tomografía computarizada de especímenes de museos, se relacionará la dinámica de estos paisajes genómicos con la modularidad e integración del cráneo y las extremidades en los reptiles escamosos. Este trabajo proporcionará datos subgenómicos y modelos digitales innovadores para repositorios en línea.

Objetivo

The genomic determinants of morphological change are of great interest to evolutionary biologists, particularly how they relate to the loss and evolution of key traits. Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) are regions of genomes that are highly conserved across distantly related organisms. Many UCEs are located in cis-regulatory (enhancer) regions of the genome that play critical developmental roles in determining morphology; when UCEs are removed notable changes to the skulls and limbs of mammals can occur. These UCEs are highly conserved across vertebrates and the evolutionary loss of a single UCE (Sonic hedgehog limb enhancer) has been associated with partial and complete limb loss in squamate reptiles. However, much of what is known about the causal role UCEs play in development is derived from functional studies, which have only examined a handful of model species. A broader phylogenetic and genomic perspective of how UCEs relate to morphological variation would offer much needed information for interpreting the results of functional studies. Comparative genomics offers a means to dramatically increase the taxonomic sampling of UCEs, both through examination of annotated genomes and comparison of UCE loci obtained using sub-genomic sampling methodologies. I will use UCEs to characterize the enhancer landscapes of squamate reptiles that putatively underpin cranial and limb diversity. I will then relate the dynamics of these genomic landscapes to the modularity and integration of crania and limbs that occur across squamates using 3-dimensional (3D) scan data derived from museum specimens. This project will produce novel sub-genomic data and 3D scans that will be shared in online repositories. I will be aided by my hosts and their world-renowned museum collections to deliver this novel and cutting-edge project which will act as a springboard for my own independent research and teaching program.

Ámbito científico (EuroSciVoc)

CORDIS clasifica los proyectos con EuroSciVoc, una taxonomía plurilingüe de ámbitos científicos, mediante un proceso semiautomático basado en técnicas de procesamiento del lenguaje natural.

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Coordinador

NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM
Aportación neta de la UEn
€ 212 933,76
Dirección
CROMWELL ROAD
SW7 5BD London
Reino Unido

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Región
London Inner London — West Kensington & Chelsea and Hammersmith & Fulham
Tipo de actividad
Public bodies (excluding Research Organisations and Secondary or Higher Education Establishments)
Enlaces
Coste total
€ 212 933,76