Descripción del proyecto
Expresiones faciales y movimientos corporales en el lenguaje de signos
La comunicación en lenguajes de signos requiere gestos con las manos, posturas corporales y expresión facial. Por ejemplo, comunicar el significado de «No lo sé» en lenguaje de signos de los Países Bajos consiste en producir los signos manuales de NO SÉ y YO, a la vez que se sacude la cabeza y se frunce el ceño. En el proyecto NONMANUAL, financiado con fondos europeos, estudiarán si el lenguaje de signos utiliza los mismos elementos básicos universales (movimientos no manuales), pero de forma única, al investigar las propiedades formales de los elementos no manuales en distintas lenguas con diferencias geográficas, históricas y sociales. NONMANUAL utilizará datos de corpus naturalistas publicados sobre lenguajes de signos, visión artificial para medir el movimiento de los articuladores no manuales y una técnica estadística de análisis de datos funcionales para realizar una comparación cuantitativa de los perfiles dinámicos no manuales.
Objetivo
Sign languages, in addition to using the hands, also use positions and movements of other articulators: the body, the head, the mouth, the eyebrows, the eyes and the eyelids, to convey lexical, grammatical, and prosodic information. This linguistic use of the nonmanual articulators is known as nonmanuals. Contrary to current assumptions in the field of sign linguistics, this project proposes the hypothesis that all sign languages use the same basic universal building blocks (nonmanual movements) but that each language is different in how it combines these building blocks both sequentially and simultaneously. Languages also differ in the regularity, frequency, and the alignment properties of the nonmanuals. In order to test this hypothesis, the project will investigate formal properties of nonmanuals in five geographically, historically, and socially diverse sign languages using data from published naturalistic corpora of the sign languages, Computer Vision for extracting measurements of the movement of nonmanual articulators, and a statistical technique of Functional Data Analysis for a quantitative comparison of dynamic nonmanual contours. This will result in the first quantitative formal typology of nonmanuals grounded in naturalistic corpus data. The novel methodology proposed in this project requires testing, adjustment, and development, which constitutes an important component of the project. The developed methodological pipeline will be a secondary output enabling large-scale reliable quantitative research on nonmanuals in future. Finally, the established typology of formal properties of nonmanuals in the five sign languages will serve as basis for a cross-modal comparison between nonmanuals and prosody/intonation in spoken languages in order to separate truly universal features of the human linguistic capacity from the effects of the visual vs. auditory modalities.
Palabras clave
Programa(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Régimen de financiación
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC GrantsInstitución de acogida
5020 Bergen
Noruega