Project description
An innovative approach to uncover the spectrum of cell antiviral mechanisms
The EU-funded Traitor-Viruses project proposes a highly innovative approach to developing specific genome-wide identification of antiviral mechanisms. The researchers will construct libraries of replication-competent human immunodeficiency virus-1 that express guide RNAs which potentially can inactivate every human gene in Caspase-9 expressing cells. Library variants expressing guide RNAs inactivating antiviral genes will be selected by passaging and identified by next-generation sequencing. Using different viral backbones, the researchers will be able to discover the defence factors against human and animal viruses. The project will determine the spectrum of innate antiviral factors that can be used in preventive and therapeutic approaches.
Objective
Viruses may seem smart since they rapidly develop new skills to spread in humans. However, they are actually just masters of trial and error. Their short generation time, enormous reproduction and high variability allows viruses to try countless variations. A few of these will enhance viral spread and, in the worst case, enable viral pandemics. It is conceivable that viruses evolve to counteract those defence mechanisms that would otherwise be most effective against them. Usually, it is hard to assess why specific changes are advantageous. This is especially true for adaptations enabling viral pathogens to counteract innate antiviral factors because these cellular proteins and their viral antagonists are numerous and highly versatile. Here, I propose to combine the advantages of the revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 technology with the enormous adaptive power of viruses to develop a novel approach allowing robust, specific and genome-wide unmasking of antiviral mechanisms. In principle, we will equip HIV-1 with genetic scissors to convert them into traitor viruses revealing their cellular opponents. To achieve this, we will generate libraries of replication-competent HIV-1 constructs expressing guide RNAs as genetic tools with the potential to inactivate every human gene in Cas9 expressing cells. Virus variants expressing guide RNAs eliminating antiviral genes will be selected by in vitro passaging and identified by next generation sequencing. Utilization of different viral backbones will allow the discovery of key defence factors against viral zoonoses and spread in humans. Finally, we will determine the antiviral spectrum and inducibility of innate antiviral factors to identify vulnerabilities of viral pathogens that can be exploited in preventive and therapeutic approaches. The project will establish and apply an innovative, highly versatile approach to uncover our antiviral defence mechanisms with the ultimate goal is to achieve better control of viral pathogens.
Fields of science (EuroSciVoc)
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
CORDIS classifies projects with EuroSciVoc, a multilingual taxonomy of fields of science, through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. See: The European Science Vocabulary.
- natural sciences biological sciences microbiology virology
- medical and health sciences health sciences public health epidemiology pandemics
- medical and health sciences health sciences infectious diseases RNA viruses HIV
- natural sciences biological sciences genetics RNA
- medical and health sciences health sciences public health epidemiology zoonosis
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Programme(s)
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
Multi-annual funding programmes that define the EU’s priorities for research and innovation.
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HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC)
MAIN PROGRAMME
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Topic(s)
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Calls for proposals are divided into topics. A topic defines a specific subject or area for which applicants can submit proposals. The description of a topic comprises its specific scope and the expected impact of the funded project.
Funding Scheme
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
Funding scheme (or “Type of Action”) inside a programme with common features. It specifies: the scope of what is funded; the reimbursement rate; specific evaluation criteria to qualify for funding; and the use of simplified forms of costs like lump sums.
HORIZON-ERC - HORIZON ERC Grants
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Call for proposal
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
Procedure for inviting applicants to submit project proposals, with the aim of receiving EU funding.
(opens in new window) ERC-2021-ADG
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Net EU financial contribution. The sum of money that the participant receives, deducted by the EU contribution to its linked third party. It considers the distribution of the EU financial contribution between direct beneficiaries of the project and other types of participants, like third-party participants.
89081 Ulm
Germany
The total costs incurred by this organisation to participate in the project, including direct and indirect costs. This amount is a subset of the overall project budget.