Description du projet
Le phénomène de la guerre civile dans l’Europe du XXe siècle
De nombreuses guerres civiles ont éclaté en Europe entre 1914 et 1949. Toutefois, malgré les nombreuses analyses et la documentation publiées sur ces événements, peu de travaux comparatifs ont été menés à ce sujet. Le projet CivilWars, financé par l’UE, entend changer la donne en remettant en question les approches exceptionnalistes de la guerre civile. Il avance que ces guerres ne peuvent se comprendre que comme un phénomène intégré dans un contexte paneuropéen et non comme des incidents exclusifs et uniques. CivilWars examinera les origines, les évolutions et les héritages des guerres civiles en Europe, en particulier en Russie, en Finlande, en Irlande, en Espagne et en Grèce. Les travaux apporteront une réponse à la question de savoir pourquoi tant de guerres civiles ont eu lieu en Europe lors de la première moitié du XXe siècle.
Objectif
In the first half of the twentieth century, Europe experienced an unparalleled number of civil wars resulting in millions of deaths. Civil war, as much as inter-state war, was a defining feature of the period for many European societies, from Ireland in the west and Russia in the east, to Finland in the north and Spain and Greece in the south. Since the 1990s, a rich and increasingly sophisticated body of literature has emerged on individual incidents of civil war, ranging from military studies to social and cultural analyses. However, remarkably little comparative work has been undertaken on civil wars in this period. Even fewer studies have explored the connections between them – be it transfers of people, ideas, or practices – beyond their ideological tropes. This has resulted in a tacit assumption of exceptionalism, whereby each civil war is assumed to have been unique and self-perpetuating without any serious attempt to explain why that was so. This project challenges exceptionalist approaches to civil war. While it recognises that significant differences in causes, forms, and/or aftermaths existed between individual civil wars, it argues that those civil wars can only be fully understood as a phenomenon within a pan-European context. The project will therefore investigate the origins, courses, and legacies of European civil wars through a fully integrated team of scholars with complementary expertise on the Russian, Finnish, Irish, Spanish and Greek cases. This will enable comparison between these different conflicts, but it will also go beyond the nation-centric tendencies of comparative approaches to arrive at a better understanding of what made the first half of the twentieth century an era of civil wars in Europe.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Thème(s)
Régime de financement
HORIZON-AG - HORIZON Action Grant Budget-BasedInstitution d’accueil
4 Dublin
Irlande