Sustainable processing of Europe's low-grade sulphidic and lateritic nickel/cobalt ores and tailings into battery-grade metals

Informazioni relative al progetto

ENICON

ID dell’accordo di sovvenzione: 101058124

DOI

10.3030/101058124

Progetto chiuso

Data della firma CE 8 Giugno 2022

Data di avvio 1 Giugno 2022

Data di completamento 31 Maggio 2026

Finanziato da

• Climate, Energy and Mobility

Costo totale

€ 6 019 237,50

Contributo UE

€ 6 019 237,00

Coordinato da

KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN
Belgium

CORDIS fornisce collegamenti ai risultati finali pubblici e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti ORIZZONTE.

I link ai risultati e alle pubblicazioni dei progetti del 7° PQ, così come i link ad alcuni tipi di risultati specifici come dataset e software, sono recuperati dinamicamente da .OpenAIRE .

Risultati finali

Documents, reports (4)

Technical report on success of direct simultaneous anodic Co-oxide and cathodic Ni recovery in HCl route

Technical report on success of direct simultaneous anodic Co-oxide and cathodic Ni recovery in HCl route, determining the decision to select the processing strategy (T3.1.1 vs. T3.2.2) for further Co recovery validation (cf. milestone: Decision to continue with direct anodic Co recovery (T3.1.1) or focus 100% on alternative, direct recovery Co-oxide product on anode from purified Co solution (T3.1.2).

Report on characterisation, surface chemistry, metal deportment/partitioning & mass balance for sulphides and laterites

Report on characterisation, surface chemistry, metal deportment/partitioning & mass balance for sulphides and laterites. This is in line with Tasks 1.1 and 1.2.

Technical report on the success of the various unit processes in the HCl-route for the 5 distinct ENICON input materials

Technical report on the success of the various unit processes in the HCl-route for the 5 distinct ENICON input materials. This provides a basis for the decision to select the 3 most appropriate streams for further process integration and validation (cf. milestone: Selection of 3 most appropriate (cf. TEA) ENICON input streams for further processintegration & validation in T2.3.5 (candidates: FeNi product, Ni laterites, Ni/Co-sulphideconcentrate, MHP/MSP from pyrite tailings, carbonated Ni-silicate tailings))

Report on identified projects for clustering activities

Report on identified projects for clustering activities. TUC will identify all relevant & related EU projects in both Horizon Europe and Horizon 2020. Project coordinators are contacted by TUC.

Pubblicazioni

Peer reviewed articles (15)

Electrochemical cobalt oxidation in chloride media

Autori: Iryna Makarava, Jere Vänskä, Agnieszka Kramek, Jacek Ryl, Benjamin P. Wilson, Kirsi Yliniemi, Mari Lundström
Pubblicato in: Minerals Engineering, Numero 211, 2024, ISSN 0892-6875
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.MINENG.2024.108679

Molecular thermodynamic model for solvent extraction of mineral acids by tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)

Autori: Rayco Lommelen, Koen Binnemans
Pubblicato in: Separation and Purification Technology, Numero 313, 2024, ISSN 1383-5866
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.SEPPUR.2023.123475

Contribution of alkali activation towards zero-waste management, low-carbon cities and sustainable development

Autori: Kostas Komnitsas
Pubblicato in: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Numero 1558, 2025, ISSN 1755-1307
Editore: IOP Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1558/1/012043

High-temperature slag engineering in pursuit of effective mineral carbonation of pyroxene-rich ferronickel slag

Autori: Arne Peys, Natalia Pires Martins, Fernando Prado Araujo, Konstantinos Komnitsas, Peter Nielsen
Pubblicato in: Journal of CO2 Utilization, Numero 95, 2025, ISSN 2212-9820
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.JCOU.2025.103077

Cradle to gate life-cycle assessment of battery grade nickel sulphate production through high-pressure acid leaching

Autori: Georgios Bartzas, Konstantinos Komnitsas
Pubblicato in: Science of The Total Environment, Numero 952, 2024, ISSN 0048-9697
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2024.175902

Mineralogical controls on Ni and Co recovery during HCl leaching of laterites

Autori: F. Araujo , N. Magalhães, E. Vassilieva, G. Rollinson, J. Andersen, R. Crane, S. Tampouris, H. Hughes, P. Muchez
Pubblicato in: International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, Numero 33,9, ISSN 1674-4799
Editore: University of Science and Technology Beijing
DOI: 10.48804/UR0JVP

Predictive thermodynamic model for solvent extraction of Iron(III) by tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) from chloride media

Autori: Rayco Lommelen, Brecht Dewulf, Jakob Bussé, Koen Binnemans
Pubblicato in: Separation and Purification Technology, Numero 348, 2024, ISSN 1383-5866
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.SEPPUR.2024.127708

Akermanitic clinker unlocks the potential of Mg-silicates for carbonation cured construction materials

Autori: Peys, Arne; Martins, Natalia Pires; Prado Araujo, Fernando; Nielsen, Peter
Pubblicato in: Frontiers in Materials, 2025, ISSN 2296-8016
Editore: Frontiers Media S.A.
DOI: 10.3389/FMATS.2025.1570367

Recovery of nickel and cobalt from ferronickel alloy by hydrochloric acid leaching and continuous counter-current solvent extraction

Autori: Seyedeh Maryam Sadeghi, Clara Vermoere, Stylianos Tampouris, Koen Binnemans, Brecht Dewulf
Pubblicato in: Separation and Purification Technology, Numero 397, 2026, ISSN 1383-5866
Editore: Elsevier BV
DOI: 10.1016/J.SEPPUR.2026.138092

Nickel, Cobalt, and Copper Recovery from Nickel Smelting Slag Using Biochar as Reductant

Autori: Fabiola Lasar, Lassi Klemettinen, Hugh O’Brien, Benjamin P. Wilson, Daniel Lindberg
Pubblicato in: Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2026, ISSN 2199-3823
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1007/S40831-026-01690-X

Main factors that influence alkali activation of slag produced after pyrometallurgical treatment of laterites

Autori: Kostas Komnitsas, Vasiliki Karmali, Dimitra Vathi, Georgios Bartzas
Pubblicato in: IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, Numero 1558, 2025, ISSN 1755-1307
Editore: IOP Publishing
DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1558/1/012042

Hydrochloric Acid Leaching of Low–grade Limonitic Laterite

Autori: K. Komnitsas, V. Karmali, G. Bartzas, A. Kritikaki
Pubblicato in: Circular Economy and Sustainability, Numero 6, 2026, ISSN 2730-597X
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
DOI: 10.1007/S43615-026-00886-3

Energy transition metals: Future demand and low carbon processing technologies

Autori: Komnitsas, K., Lazos, I., and Eerola, T.
Pubblicato in: Materials Proceedings, 2023, Numero 15, 56, ISSN 2673-4605
Editore: MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/MATERPROC2023015056

Factors affecting the properties of slag-based alkali activated materials

Autori: Komnitsas, K., Karmali,V., Vathi, D., Kaklamanos, E
Pubblicato in: Materials Proceedings, 2023, Numero 15, 19, ISSN 2673-4605
Editore: MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/MATERPROC2023015019

Synthesis and Morphology of Slag-based Alkali-Activated Materials

Autori: Konstantinos Komnitsas; Arne Peys; Stylianos Tampouris; Vasiliki Karmali; Georgios Bartzas; Dimitra Vathi; Anna Kritikaki
Pubblicato in: Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2024, ISSN 2524-3462
Editore: Springer Nature
DOI: 10.1007/S42461-024-01161-5

Conference proceedings (23)

Objecticves and ambition towards climate neutrality

Autori: Doitsidis, L., Kritikaki, A., Komnitsas, K.
Pubblicato in: 2023
Editore: EIS

Socio-environmental aspects related to the implementation of Strategic Projects; potential impacts on Europe's Green and Digital Transitions

Autori: Komnitsas, K.
Pubblicato in: 2025 OECD Conference of Mining Regions and Cities, 16-18 June 2025, Rovaniemi, Finland
Editore: OECD

Geochemical and environmental assessment of mining-metallurgical wastes and alkali activated materials

Autori: K. Komnitsas, V. Karmali, D. Vathi
Editore: 9th International Slag Valorization Symposium from residues to resources and resilience

Is alkali activation of mixtures of marl and slag or metakaolin a feasible option for the stabilization of clayey soils?

Autori: Komnitsas, K., Vathi D., Steiakakis, E., Kritikaki, A.
Pubblicato in: 38th International Conference on Geochemistry and Health (SEGH 2023), 2-6 July 2023, Athens, GR
Editore: SEGH 2023

Characterization of porous ceramics produced from silicate tailings

Autori: K. Komnitsas, C. Gourdomichali, A. Kritikaki
Editore: th International Conference on Industrial and Hazardous Waste Management

An Alternative Cobalt and Nickel Electrochemical Recovery Method for Improved Process Sustainability

Autori: Iryna Makarava, Mika Sahlman, Thi Le, Benjamin P. Wilson, Kirsi Yliniemi, Mari Lundström
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of the 63rd Conference of Metallurgists, COM 2024, 2024
Editore: Springer Nature Switzerland
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-67398-6_106

Towards a greener nickel industry: A life cycle assessment case study

Autori: K. Komnitsas, G. Bartzas
Editore: IPMS2023

ENICON Matrix Valorisation: Towards near-zero waste in Europe's Ni/Co supply chain

Autori: Arne Peys, Lieven Machiels, Konstantinos Komnitsas
Editore: 8th International Slag Valorisation Symposium

Forensic geometallurgy of Ni-Co laterites: Sustainable processing of Europe's low-grade ores and tailings into battery-grade metals

Autori: Prado Araujo, Fernando; Muchez, Philippe; Andersen, Jens; Magalhães, Nívea; Crane, Richard; Hughes, Hannah
Pubblicato in: 2023

Properties of Alkali Activated Materials produced from Metallurgical Slag and other Additives,

Autori: Komnitsas, K., Karmali, V., Petrakis, E., Kritikaki, A., and O. Pantelaki, O.
Pubblicato in: 2024
Editore: CEMEPE

Upgrading of ferronickel to battery-grade nickel

Autori: B. Dewulf
Editore: IPMS2025

The effect of biochar addition on the properties of alkali-activated materials produced from silicate tailings

Autori: V. Karmali, D. Vathi, D, A. Kritikaki, K. Komnitsas
Editore: SUSTENG2024

Properties of Alkali Activated Materials produced from Metallurgical Slag and other Additives

Autori: K. Komnitsas, V. Karmali, E. Petrakis, A. Kritikaki, A. Pantelaki
Editore: 10th International Conference on Environmental Management, Engineering, Planning and Economics (CEMEPE) & SECOTOX Conference

Akermanitic carbonatable clinkers: overview of technical and environmental performance.

Autori: N. Pires Martins, G. Bartzas, K. Komnitsas, A. Peys
Editore: 1st International Conference on Mg-based cements

A preliminary life cycle assessment of a new HCl-based processing route for battery grade Ni/Co production

Autori: Bartzas, G., Komnitsas, K
Editore: MCV24

The importance of techno-economic assessment (TEA) in mining, metallurgical and waste valorisation projects

Autori: Ipsakis, D., Konsolakis, M., Granata, G., Komnitsas, K
Pubblicato in: SDIMI, Torino, Italy, July 9-11, 2024
Editore: SDIMI 2024

Sustainable processing of European nickel and cobalt ores and tailings into battery-grade metals

Autori: B. Dewulf
Editore: 1st International Circular Hydrometallurgy Symposium

Nickel slag cleaning using hydrogen as reductant.

Autori: Lasar, F., Andersson, A., Klemettinen, L., O’Brien, H., & Lindberg, D.
Pubblicato in: Proceedings of EMC 2025, Numero 1, 515-529
Editore: EMC 2025

Mineralogical controls on the Ni and Co recovery from HCl leaching of laterites

Autori: Araujo F.P., Virrey M.D., Vassilieva E., Magalhães N., Rollinson G., Sadeghi S., Dewulf B., Tampouris S., Binnemans K., Andersen J., Hughes H., Muchez P.
Editore: Process Mineralogy 24

Engineering the phase composition of akermanitic carbonatable clinkers to achieve high CO2 reactivity

Autori: Peys, Arne; Pires Martins, Natalia
Pubblicato in: 2025
Editore: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15304297

Mineral carbonation of a ferronickel slag-based clinker

Autori: Pires Martins, Natalia; Peys, Arne
Pubblicato in: 2025
Editore: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/ZENODO.15304122

Biochar as an Alternative Reductant in Nickel Slag Cleaning: First Results from Large Laboratory-Scale Experiments

Autori: Fabiola Lasar, Anton Andersson, Lassi Klemettinen, Hugh O’Brien, Daniel Lindberg
Pubblicato in: Ni‐Co 2025, 6th International Symposium on Nickel and Cobalt, 2025
Editore: Springer Nature Switzerland
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-00167-2_57

Ni/Co recovery from ferronickel (FeNi) ores using an HCl-based route

Autori: Sadeghi, S.M.
Editore: 1st International Circular Hydrometallurgy Symposium

Thesis and dissertations (2)

Anodic cobalt oxide recovery for batterygrade precursors from multi-metal solutions

Autori: Elisa Kemppainen
Editore: Aalto University

Anodic Cobalt Recovery from Multi-metal Solutions: Assessment and Feasibility

Autori: Mikko Riikonen
Editore: Aalto University