Descripción del proyecto
La despolimerización de plásticos asistida por plasma libera componentes para productos químicos y combustibles
La persistencia de los plásticos en el medio ambiente tras su uso genera un problema sanitario y medioambiental. Los esfuerzos de reciclaje se han centrado principalmente en la reextrusión para fabricar productos similares y en el procesamiento mecánico para obtener materias primas secundarias o productos de estructura química similar. La recuperación química y energética de los residuos plásticos ofrece una enorme oportunidad, puesto que permite utilizar los componentes para productos químicos y combustibles.Para ello, se necesita la despolimerización. El número de investigaciones sobre la pirólisis de plásticos ha aumentado rápidamente en los dos últimos decenios. Con el apoyo del Programa de Acciones Marie Skłodowska-Curie, en el proyecto PROSPER se aprovechará el plasma para la intensificar los procesos, lo cual proporcionará un innovador reactor de pirólisis de lecho fluidizado asistido por plasma que posibilitará una verdadera economía circular de los plásticos.
Objetivo
Our lives are materialistically and perhaps literally wrapped in plastic since its use in 1940s and expected consumption would increasingly be 720 million tons by 2040. In 2018, the European Commission (EU) and the EU Strategy for Plastics in the Circular Economy established the main goals for plastic design, manufacture, use, re-use, and end-of-life management by 2030. Nearly 10 % municipal solid waste is plastic out of which nearly 20 % is being landfilled causing geological and environmental instability. In spite of numerous methods for recycling of plastic waste, only primary recycling (re-extrusion) and secondary recycling (mechanical) are well-established. The most challenges are in the large scale implementation of tertiary recycling (chemical recovery) and quaternary recycling (energy recovery) of plastic waste. Further, converting plastic waste into building block molecules, fuels and energy remains a substantial challenge. For these reason, depolymerization of plastic via arc plasma gasification and pyrolysis has been the attractive choice for researchers and technology developers. Armenise et. al. shows the highest cluster of research on pyrolysis of plastic has happened worldwide in last 2 decades. Design of a pyrolysis reactor and the fixing up of the process parameters have been the key bottleneck for the success of the efficient pyrolysis of plastics. Fluidized/ spouted bed reactors are the top most choices for the plastic pyrolysis process. A plasma reactor has shown significant improvement in the process intensification the for the better heat treatment resulting highly desirable organic products such as H2, CO, CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and other smaller hydrocarbons as the renewable energy source. A new Plasma assisted Spouted Bed Pyrolysis Reactor (PSBPR) will be designed and tested for cost effective deployment in industrial use.
Ámbito científico
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringwaste managementwaste treatment processesrecycling
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryhydrocarbons
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomicssustainable economy
Programa(s)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Régimen de financiación
HORIZON-AG-UN - HORIZON Unit GrantCoordinador
48940 Leioa
España