Descrizione del progetto
La depolimerizzazione della plastica assistita da plasma libera costituenti per prodotti chimici e carburanti
La persistenza nell’ambiente delle materie plastiche dopo il loro uso sta dando origine a una sfida sempre più difficile per la salute e l’ambiente. I tentativi di riciclaggio si sono soffermati principalmente sulla riestrusione, per creare prodotti analoghi, e sulla lavorazione meccanica per ottenere materie prime secondarie o prodotti aventi una struttura chimica simile. Tuttavia, il recupero chimico ed energetico dai rifiuti plastici offre un’opportunità straordinaria poiché permette l’utilizzo di costituenti per prodotti chimici e carburanti. Tutto ciò richiede la depolimerizzazione. Nell’arco degli ultimi decenni la ricerca nell’ambito della pirolisi si è evoluta rapidamente. Grazie al sostegno del programma di azioni Marie Skłodowska-Curie, il progetto PROSPER sfrutterà il plasma per l’intensificazione di processo, fornendo un innovativo rettore pirolitico a getto assistito da plasma per favorire un’autentica economia circolare della plastica.
Obiettivo
Our lives are materialistically and perhaps literally wrapped in plastic since its use in 1940s and expected consumption would increasingly be 720 million tons by 2040. In 2018, the European Commission (EU) and the EU Strategy for Plastics in the Circular Economy established the main goals for plastic design, manufacture, use, re-use, and end-of-life management by 2030. Nearly 10 % municipal solid waste is plastic out of which nearly 20 % is being landfilled causing geological and environmental instability. In spite of numerous methods for recycling of plastic waste, only primary recycling (re-extrusion) and secondary recycling (mechanical) are well-established. The most challenges are in the large scale implementation of tertiary recycling (chemical recovery) and quaternary recycling (energy recovery) of plastic waste. Further, converting plastic waste into building block molecules, fuels and energy remains a substantial challenge. For these reason, depolymerization of plastic via arc plasma gasification and pyrolysis has been the attractive choice for researchers and technology developers. Armenise et. al. shows the highest cluster of research on pyrolysis of plastic has happened worldwide in last 2 decades. Design of a pyrolysis reactor and the fixing up of the process parameters have been the key bottleneck for the success of the efficient pyrolysis of plastics. Fluidized/ spouted bed reactors are the top most choices for the plastic pyrolysis process. A plasma reactor has shown significant improvement in the process intensification the for the better heat treatment resulting highly desirable organic products such as H2, CO, CH4, C2H4, C2H2 and other smaller hydrocarbons as the renewable energy source. A new Plasma assisted Spouted Bed Pyrolysis Reactor (PSBPR) will be designed and tested for cost effective deployment in industrial use.
Campo scientifico
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringwaste managementwaste treatment processesrecycling
- engineering and technologyenvironmental engineeringenergy and fuelsrenewable energy
- natural scienceschemical sciencesorganic chemistryhydrocarbons
- social scienceseconomics and businesseconomicssustainable economy
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.2 - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Main Programme
Meccanismo di finanziamento
HORIZON-AG-UN - HORIZON Unit GrantCoordinatore
48940 Leioa
Spagna