Periodic Reporting for period 1 - CaLby2030 (CALCIUM LOOPING TO CAPTURE CO2 FROM INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES BY 2030)
Berichtszeitraum: 2022-10-01 bis 2023-11-30
CFB reactor models have been also developed and applied to simulate the CaL process for the investigated industrial processes . The initial, non-validated models were built and applied to the pilot plants mentioned above. Separation of the fine and coarse sorbent materials in the primary cyclone of the MAGNUS calciner, as required for the integrated CFB-CaL cement concept, was simulated using the models developed. A first-of-a-kind dynamic 1D model for CaL in steel production was also built and used for initial simulations, which can be employed to develop appropriate controls for the operation of the Sweden pilot. Injection of Ca(OH)2 at the top of the carbonator in La Pereda pilot to achieve >99% carbon capture efficiency has been investigated with a steady-state 1D model to determine the optimal injection height. Process simulation tasks were also performed to assess the reference plant configurations for the four sectors and to evaluate the application of the “standard” CaL configuration integrated with a CO2 purification unit, to establish a benchmark baseline for comparison against the improved CaLby2030 CaL systems. Moreover, development of a multi-criteria optimization model for conditioning and transport of captured CO2 from a capture plant to a storage or utilization location was initiated. To exploit the project’s piloting and modelling activities towards an accelerated technical deployment of the developed process concepts and technologies, CaLby2030 involves the conceptual design for first-of-a-kind retrofitted CaL CCUS systems in the cement, steel, Bio-CHP and WtE sectors. Four host sites have already been selected and the retrofit concept definition of CFB-CaL was developed in all cases. Furthermore, the constraints for the multi-criteria optimization of the multimodal transport of CO2 as part of the CCUS chain in industrial clusters around the four demonstration plants were defined. A tailored LCA methodology has been also developed to perform the environmental evaluation of the chosen CCUS demonstration projects. The main drivers and barriers for social acceptability of CCUS technologies were analysed and the results are being employed for a survey design that will assess the social acceptability and preferences of CCUS using CFB-CaL as CO2 capture technology on a case study in Spain. Assessment of the societal readiness is also being evaluated on a more generic framework through the organisation of focus groups, which are preceded by individual interviews that are currently ongoing to identify the necessary conditions that need to be in place for those stakeholders to lend their support to the implementation of CaL-based CCUS.