Descrizione del progetto
Uno sguardo più attento alla decomposizione del legno e ai flussi di carbonio
Le foreste svolgono un ruolo importante nel ciclo del carbonio e rappresentano una porzione rilevante della biodiversità terrestre. Tuttavia, i cambiamenti climatici e l’uso del suolo stanno alterando la biodiversità e il ciclo del carbonio. Ad esempio, l’innalzamento delle temperature aumenta la decomposizione e, quindi, i flussi del carbonio. Si prevede invece l’esatto contrario nel caso della perdita di biodiversità dei decompositori conseguente all’intensificarsi dell’uso del suolo. Il progetto BIOCOMP, finanziato dall’UE, esaminerà in maniera precisa come i cambiamenti climatici e l’uso del suolo plasmano in maniera interattiva le comunità di decompositori e i tassi di decomposizione e i flussi di carbonio risultanti dalla decomposizione del legno. BIOCOMP quantificherà i cambiamenti nella biodiversità dei decompositori e nei tassi di decomposizione conducendo esperimenti sul campo e in camere climatiche percorribili.
Obiettivo
Forests play a central role for global carbon cycling and biodiversity. Yet, the unabated continuation of climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressure on forest resources are altering forest ecosystems by modifying species composition and ecosystem processes. Increasing temperatures are likely to increase decomposition rates and thus carbon emissions, while the opposite effect may be expected from loss of decomposer biodiversity as land-use intensity increases. However, it remains unknown how climate change and land use interactively shape decomposer communities, decomposition rates and carbon fluxes. This limits the ability to model the future of the global forest carbon sink as well as of forest policy and management to counteract undesired developments. Here, I will investigate the joint effects of climate change and land use on decomposer communities and carbon fluxes from wood decomposition at the global scale, as well as the underlying processes and mechanisms. Making use of an operating network of 60 research sites on six continents, I will study how biodiversity-decomposition relationships and effects of land use change along global climate gradients. Empirical results will be used to model carbon fluxes from wood decomposition at the global scale and to generate projections of carbon fluxes under different scenarios of forest use and climate change. Extensive experiments will be conducted both in the field and in walk-in climate chambers to identify which facet of biodiversity drives wood decomposition and to unravel the mechanisms behind the climate-dependency of biodiversity-decomposition relationships. The BIOCOMP project will bring about a new level of understanding of how biodiversity and carbon cycling in forest ecosystems worldwide will change as a result of climate change and land use, and it will provide the data and strategies to tackle one of the most pressing challenges of current climate and forest policy.
Campo scientifico
- agricultural sciencesagriculture, forestry, and fisheriesforestrysilviculture
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencessoil sciencesland-based treatment
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesecologyecosystems
- natural sciencesearth and related environmental sciencesatmospheric sciencesclimatologyclimatic changes
Programma(i)
- HORIZON.1.1 - European Research Council (ERC) Main Programme
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC - Support for frontier research (ERC)Istituzione ospitante
01069 Dresden
Germania