Concerning disinfection by-products (DBP), new analytical methods for the detection of 15 sulfonated, polar DBP detection have been developed (WP1). The method has already been applied successfully in real water samples of the case studies. A trihalomethanes (THM) online analyser, including THM specification has been developed and will be installed in two case studies. The test protocol for in vitro bio-based assays for toxicity assessment of DBP is ready and has been applied for different real water samples. Moreover, improvements in the characterisation of natural organic matter (NOM) in water samples before/after disinfection have been achieved by linking two measurement methods with the novel DBP detection method and toxicity tests.
With respect to treatment (WP2), three new technological solutions have been set up and are currently investigated for their implementation to minimise the exposure of drinking water consumers to DBPs. These are: (i) a membrane-based process to remove fractions of NOM before disinfection; (ii) new adsorption materials and (iii) a novel oxidation-based process.
Monitoring work in full scale treatments has been taken up in the case studies, applying the new analytical methods in order to understand NOM behaviour and optimise currently used treatment technologies. Two sampling campaigns have been carried out at the case study sites. Here, e. g. managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is monitored to understand seasonal changes in the face of climate change. For development of a meta model to link water quality and toxicity to operating parameters, data of 27 waterworks has been analysed. Four waterworks have been selected for detailed monitoring and further model development for improved disinfection management.
WP 3 is dedicated to supporting the management of distribution networks, with development of prediction models, management tools and guidelines. Work has started on effects of lining resins on DBP formation. Model development for DBP prediction can be started now, while the development of management tools is planned in the last project year.
WP 4 aims at developing transferable tools and transferring outputs and methodologies to end-users in an Open Science/Data framework. Progress has been achieved on the definition of climate change scenarios and their impacts on water quality and resilience of DWSS. For development of the supporting tools for routine DWSS management, data collection and the preliminary soft-sensor implementation are in progress. Work on the risk framework and the guidance document will follow in the upcoming project period.
