The Schedule Design Solution (SOL400) optimised air–rail integration by reducing transfer waiting times and expanding multimodal travel options. Integrated into the MultiModX Performance Assessment Framework (SOL399), it enabled comprehensive evaluation of multimodal impacts across stakeholder groups.
Through detailed analysis of passenger behaviour and the development of passenger-centric KPIs within SOL399, the project improved understanding of modal choice and traveller decision-making. This evidence supports airport operators and infrastructure managers in aligning business models with rail integration strategies. By leveraging diverse big data sources, MultiModX enhanced the representation of multimodal trips in transport simulation models, enabling more accurate assessment of modal split, door-to-door travel times, capacity utilisation, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These KPIs support both strategic and tactical optimisation of passenger flows and capacity allocation across multimodal networks.
Objective 2 delivered a robust multimodal performance framework forming the basis of an integrated transport network performance cockpit. This framework assesses key performance areas, including capacity, cost efficiency, safety, resilience, and environmental sustainability. By capturing cross-modal interactions, the cockpit enables informed decision-making for operators, infrastructure managers, and policymakers to optimise network performance and reduce operational costs.
The Disruption Management Solution (SOL401) developed an integrated crisis management approach to adjust schedules, reroute passengers, and manage resources across air and rail systems. The Functional Requirements Definition (FRD) and Operational Service and Environment Definition (OSED) established the foundation for coordinated disruption response. The validated approach enhanced network resilience while maintaining capacity and passenger experience during disruptions.
Environmentally, MultiModX contributed to reduced congestion, lower GHG emissions, and improved energy efficiency through optimised scheduling and disruption management. By minimising delays and idle time, the project demonstrated how coordinated multimodal operations can generate measurable environmental benefits while improving operational performance.
