Relativistic Framework for Attosecond Pump-Probe Induced Dynamics

Informazioni relative al progetto

RAPPID

ID dell’accordo di sovvenzione: 101152113

DOI

10.3030/101152113

Progetto concluso il 31 Marzo 2026

Data della firma CE 22 Aprile 2024

Data di avvio 1 Agosto 2024

Data di completamento 31 Luglio 2026

Finanziato da

• Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA)

Costo totale

Nessun dato

Contributo UE

€ 165 059,52

Coordinato da

UNIVERZITA KOMENSKEHO V BRATISLAVE
Slovakia

Periodic Reporting for period 1 - RAPPID (Relativistic Framework for Attosecond Pump-Probe Induced Dynamics)

Periodo di rendicontazione: 2024-08-01 al 2026-07-31

Sintesi del contesto e degli obiettivi generali del progetto

Recent advances in attosecond laser technology and ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy allow direct observation of electron dynamics in molecules and materials on their natural timescale. Modern pump–probe experiments can probe charge transfer, ionization processes, and ultrafast changes in molecular chirality. However, the interpretation of these experiments requires theoretical methods capable of describing relativistic effects, non-equilibrium electron dynamics, and strong light–matter interactions in a computationally efficient way, particularly for heavy-element systems where spin–orbit effects are essential.

The primary objective of the RAPPID project is to develop an open-access relativistic real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) framework for simulating out-of-equilibrium processes observed in attosecond pump–probe spectroscopies. The project will combine relativistic exact two-component Hamiltonians with semiclassical electron–nuclear Ehrenfest dynamics approach to enable simulations beyond the Born–Oppenheimer approximation.

A central component of the project is the modern atomic mean-field exact two-component (amfX2C) Hamiltonian, which achieves near four-component relativistic accuracy at a fraction of the computational cost, enabling simulations of chemically realistic systems in both valence and core energy regions. The developed methodology will be applied to time-resolved X-ray circular dichroism (TR-XCD), charge-transfer dynamics, and related ultrafast spectroscopies, including simulations beyond the electric-dipole approximation and spin–orbit-driven dynamics in open-shell systems.

All methods will be implemented in the open-access relativistic quantum-chemistry program ReSpect and made freely available to the scientific community. The project aims to provide the theoretical and computational tools necessary for interpreting next-generation ultrafast X-ray experiments and to strengthen expertise in relativistic quantum chemistry and computational spectroscopy.

Lavoro eseguito dall’inizio del progetto fino alla fine del periodo coperto dalla relazione e principali risultati finora ottenuti

A major achievement of the project was the implementation of relativistic RT-TDDFT methodologies within the open-access ReSpect program package, including circularly polarized laser fields, time-resolved electronic circular dichroism (TR-ECD) protocols, and sudden-ionization approaches for describing ultrafast non-equilibrium dynamics. Additional developments included the implementation of charge, spin, and current density analysis tools at nonrelativistic, amfX2C, and fully relativistic four-component Hamiltonian levels.

The project also resulted in the development of the open-access ReSpect Visualization Lab (RVL), a web-based platform for visualization and post-processing of real-time spectroscopic simulations. The developed methodologies were successfully applied to simulations of ultrafast spectroscopic phenomena and charge migration processes in representative heavy-element molecular systems.

The main outcomes of the project include:
* implementation of relativistic Ehrenfest RT-TDDFT methodologies and relativistic gradients;
* development of TR-ECD and ultrafast charge-migration simulation protocols;
* implementation of visualization and analysis tools for charge, spin, and current density dynamics;
* development of the open-access RVL visualization platform;
* publication of project results in peer-reviewed scientific journals.

Overall, the project significantly expanded the capabilities of the ReSpect program for simulations of relativistic ultrafast spectroscopy and non-equilibrium electron dynamics.

Progressi oltre lo stato dell’arte e potenziale impatto previsto (incluso l’impatto socioeconomico e le implicazioni sociali più ampie del progetto fino ad ora)

The project delivered new methodologies and software tools for relativistic simulations of ultrafast electronic and spectroscopic processes in heavy-element systems. The main results include the implementation of relativistic real-time TDDFT methodologies, Ehrenfest-type electron–nuclear dynamics, circularly polarized laser-field protocols, sudden-ionization approaches, and analysis tools for charge, spin, and current density dynamics within the open-access ReSpect program package. The project also resulted in the development of the ReSpect Visualization Lab (RVL), a web-based platform for visualization and post-processing of real-time spectroscopic simulations.

These developments significantly expand the capabilities of relativistic quantum chemistry for simulations of modern ultrafast spectroscopies, including time-resolved electronic circular dichroism and charge migration dynamics. The developed methodologies provide computationally efficient approaches for studying non-equilibrium processes in heavy-element systems where relativistic and spin–orbit effects are essential.

The project is expected to contribute to computational spectroscopy, relativistic quantum chemistry, and ultrafast science by supporting interpretation of next-generation pump–probe and X-ray spectroscopy experiments. Future uptake of the project outcomes will require continued methodological development, benchmarking, and access to HPC infrastructures for large-scale simulations. The open-access nature of ReSpect and RVL ensures broad availability of the developed tools to the international scientific community.