The project established the core InterSCADA platform architecture, based on a fully decoupled microservice approach. The platform integrates a central MQTT message broker, a two-tier data storage backend for time-series and configuration data, and containerised orchestration. A standardised microservice integration framework, based on AsyncAPI 3.0 and JSON Schema, was developed to enable interoperable, parallel, and independent development of platform services. A reference microservice has been implemented to support the integration and containerisation of future functionalities.
Significant progress was also achieved in the development of monitoring, control, and optimisation services. These include a hybrid AC/DC state estimation toolchain; three optimal power flow solutions targeting loss reduction, voltage stability enhancement, and N-1 security; eight Wide Area Monitoring, Protection and Control (WAMPAC) services supporting system awareness and stability; and an AI-based decision-support agent capable of recommending remedial actions to control-room operators in real time.
In parallel, the project delivered key interoperability and cybersecurity components, including a protocol-conversion and data-model framework, a decentralised virtual redundancy mechanism designed to mitigate single points of failure, and a secure communication layer providing integrity verification and auditing capabilities for substation measurement data.
The regulatory and requirements analysis activities have provided a comprehensive assessment of TSO and DSO requirements for SCADA systems in hybrid AC/DC environments through stakeholder interviews, expert surveys, and strategic analysis. It also delivered a detailed review of the European regulatory and standardisation landscape covering SCADA, HVDC, MVDC, LVDC, and ancillary service markets, identifying ten key barriers to the wider deployment of hybrid AC/DC solutions. In addition, sixteen pilot use cases have been formally specified across the four demonstrator sites using the IEC 62559-2 methodology.
Preparation of the four real-world pilot demonstrators is well advanced. The Italian demonstrator focuses on a hybrid low-voltage AC/DC distribution network integrating photovoltaic generation, battery storage, and fast EV charging infrastructure. The Greek demonstrator addresses monitoring and control challenges associated with an HVDC interconnector and advanced synchrophasor measurements. The Spanish demonstrator focuses on AI-assisted operational decision support using real transmission network data, while the French demonstrator implements advanced transient stability assessment workflows based on historical operational data and open-source simulation tools.
Together, these achievements provide the technological, regulatory, and operational foundations for the integration, validation, and large-scale demonstration activities planned for the next phase of the project.
