Objectif
Gas-Cooled Reactors (GCR), RBMK and some Material Test Reactors (MTR) make use of graphite as moderator of the fuel, structures of the core and/or thermal columns. During operation, the graphite and other carbonaceous materials like carbon brick, pyrocarbon and silicon carbide coatings are contaminated by fission products and neutron activation. These irradiated carbonaceous wastes are problematic due to their content of long-lived radioisotopes (e.g. Carbon14, Chlorine 36) and due to their large volumes. About 250000 t of i-carbon are existing, worldwide. Acceptable solutions have not yet been established to handle this kind of waste. This fact also represents a significant drawback for the market introduction of graphite-moderated reactors like Very/High-Temperature Reactors (V/HTR) as a promising Generation IV system candidate. Graphite moderated reactors represent the very first generation of nuclear reactors and therefore need to be decommissioned ahead of other reactor types which evolved later. Presently, accelerated decommissioning of GCR and RBMK and subsequent disposal of i-graphite is the preferred option for not leaving this waste as a legacy for future generations. The CARBOWASTE project aims at an integrated waste management approach for this kind of radioactive wastes which are mainly characterized as Intermediate Level Waste (ILW), due to the varying content of long-lived radioisotopes. Methodologies and databases will be developed for assessing different technology options like direct disposal in adopted waste containers, treatment & purification before disposal or even recycling i-carbonaceous material for reuse in the nuclear field. The feasibility of the associated processes will be experimentally investigated to deliver data for modeling the microstructure and localization of contaminants. This is of high importance to better understand the origin of the contamination and the release mechanisms during treatment and/or disposal.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Thème(s)
Appel à propositions
FP7-Fission-2007
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Régime de financement
CP - Collaborative project (generic)Coordinateur
52428 Julich
Allemagne
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Participants (29)
WA16 8QZ Knutsford
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92298 Chatenay Malabry
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92400 Courbevoie
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KT10 0LU CLAYGATE, SURREY
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28040 MADRID
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75015 PARIS 15
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RH10 9AD Crawley
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75008 Paris
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75230 Paris
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00196 Roma
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28043 Madrid
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73264 AIGUEBLANCHE cedex
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02300 Vilnius
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0402 MIOVENI - ARGES
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75794 Paris
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1049 Bruxelles / Brussel
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LT-44403 Kaunas
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WA3 6AE Warrington
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CA24 3HU MOOR ROW
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1755 LE Petten
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1160 Bruxelles / Brussel
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86405 Meitingen
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61182 NYKOEPING
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75272 Paris
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M13 9PL Manchester
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0046 CENTURION
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0001 Pretoria
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38800 Grenoble
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00185 Roma
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