Descrizione del progetto
Profilazione del potenziale percorso infettivo che porta all’epilessia dei fiumi
La malattia dell’annuire, una forma di epilessia dei fiumi, è stata descritta per la prima volta circa 65 anni fa. Questa patologia neurologica incurabile, che colpisce principalmente i bambini di età compresa tra i 5 e i 15 anni, è caratterizzata da un annuire con il capo (una forma di epilessia) e può portare a crisi tonico-cloniche e a ritardi nello sviluppo e nella crescita. Per la prima volta nella storia, l’individuazione della causa, e quindi di un trattamento preventivo, potrebbe essere all’orizzonte. Il progetto NSETHIO, finanziato dal Consiglio europeo della ricerca, condurrà un programma di ricerca a lungo termine in diversi paesi, alla ricerca di un potenziale agente patogeno trasportato dai pidocchi delle fave, i vettori che trasmettono il verme parassita che causa l’oncocercosi. Il gruppo di ricerca studierà l’effetto degli approcci basati sul controllo dei vettori e sui farmaci antiparassitari sull’incidenza dell’epilessia dei fiumi nelle regioni in cui l’oncocercosi è endemica.
Obiettivo
Nodding syndrome (NS) is a neurological, incurable syndrome, currently affecting mainly children between 5 and 15 years of age in South Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Since 1950, when NS was first described, its cause has remained a mystery. NS is characterized by head-nodding (an atonic form of epilepsy), often followed by clonic - tonic seizures, developmental retardation and faltering growth. In the affected regions, NS is a major public health problem associated with severe socio-economic consequences. After exploratory missions to South Sudan, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), we gathered epidemiological evidence that supports the hypothesis that NS is a disease caused by a pathogen transmitted by blackflies, the vectors that transmit the parasitic worm that causes onchocerciasis. This pathogen could be an unknown neurotropic virus or another pathogen that is transmitted either independently or as a symbiont of the worm. We postulate that this pathogen is able to cause typical NS, but also other forms of epidemic epilepsy. We hypothesise that the same disease is also endemic in other onchocerciasis hyper-endemic regions e.g. in the Mbam valley, Cameroon and the Orientale Province, DRC (where it is referred to as “river epilepsy”). In this project we aim to investigate our hypotheses in South Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania, Cameroon and the DRC with a trans-disciplinary approach including clinical-epidemiological, post-mortem, eco-entomological, and metagenomic studies. We will study the effect of vector control methods and ivermectin distribution on the incidence of river epilepsy. So far a multi-country study on NS was never done and nearly all previous studies were cross-sectional, carried out during short country visits. With this long term research plan we hope to finally discover the cause of NS and detect effective control strategies to decrease the incidence of epilepsy in onchocerciasis endemic areas.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-ADG - Advanced GrantIstituzione ospitante
2000 Antwerpen
Belgio