Periodic Reporting for period 2 - SBNAF (Small Bodies: Near and Far)
Berichtszeitraum: 2017-04-01 bis 2019-03-31
Throughout SBNAF we conducted -and often coordinated- new observations with Kepler-K2, Hubble, ALMA, VLT, and numerous smaller telescopes around the world to obtain visible photometry to refine stellar occultation predictions, to observe these events, and to gather lightcurves. We combined lightcurve inversion, stellar occultations, thermophysical modelling, radiometric methods, and adaptive optics imaging to derived size, spin and shape, and thermal properties of our targets. The ground-truth information provided by space missions like Hayabusa2, OSIRIS-REx, NEAR-Shoemaker, Rosetta, DAWN allowed us to develop tools for the interpretation of space data and assess the limitations of each method.
The combination of methods and data from the ground and from astrophysics space missions (Herschel, Kepler-K2, Hubble, AKARI, Spitzer, etc.) improved our scientific understanding of selected targets and will enhance the future interpretation of much larger samples like (i) thousands of NEAs/MBAs (mostly) observed by WISE, (ii) the Spitzer and Herschel TNO catalogues, (iii) large MBAs for which Gaia will provide masses, or (iv) the well-characterized MBAs proposed as infrared calibration standards.
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(1) The public ISAM service includes now shape models for more than 1600 asteroids (+3000 models in total). Models obtained by SBNAF have been published in several publications (Müller et al. 2017, Marsset et al. 2017, Marciniak et al. 2018, 2019). We updated D3.3 to evaluate newly available ADAM shape models by Viikinkoski et al. (2017) and Hanuš et al. (2018).
(2) The Gaia-GOSA service, an interactive tool to help amateur and professional observers plan their observations. It gathered more than 140 registered users and more than 500 uploaded observing nights featuring full lightcurves for more than 50 asteroids, mostly SBNAF targets from the Gaia-mass and calibrators lists.
(3) We added more than 170,000 observations to the public asteroid infrared database (IRDB: https://ird.konkoly.hu) including mid-IR/sub-mm measurements from IRAS, MSX, AKARI, WISE, and Herschel. We developed and verified procedures to colour-correct the data and added auxiliary parameters from the JPL/Horizons system for each IRDB entry. A web interface was developed and the IRDB was advertised during the workshop ""Thermal Models of Planetary Science III"". Operation of the IRDB is guaranteed at least until the end of 2021 thanks to support by Hungarian funding agencies.
(4) High-quality predictions for occultations covering 2017, 2018 and 2019 allow both amateur and professional astronomers to observe these scientifically important events. We obtained more than 25 successful TNO occultations from predictions with 10 mas accuracy, based on the Gaia Data Release 2 catalogue (April 2018). The orbit calculations for the moving targets included results from large observing campaigns conducted in Spain and affiliated observatories, often in close collaboration with the ERC Lucky Star project.
(5) SBNAF produced high-quality data products for small bodies’ Herschel Space Observatory observations using sophisticated, Solar-System-specific data reduction and calibration schemes. The products and corresponding release notes were delivered to the Herschel Science Center to be uploaded to the Herschel Science Archive.
(6) We established a group of ~20 high-quality, well-characterised secondary asteroid calibrators with absolute flux predictions accurate on a 5-10% level at far-IR/submm/mm wavelengths covering a wide range of fluxes. These reliable model predictions support worldwide calibration activities for ground-, airborne-, and space-projects at mid-IR, far-IR, and sub-mm/mm wavelengths.
(7) Our focus was on synergy projects (several deliverables within WP6), which materialised in the many publications based on multiple techniques and datasets.
SBNAF’s scientific results were presented in multiple international conferences and workshops, with 43 publicly available SBNAF abstracts for talks and posters and more than 30 additional workshop/conference contributions during the SRP. A large fraction of the scientific outcome of our work is documented in publications in refereed journals: 53 published refereed publications (04/2017 to 03/2019), 10 accepted ones, and 4 recently submitted manuscripts. All of them include SBNAF results and/or have significant SBNAF individual/team contributions. The highlight of the SRP was the Nature paper by Ortiz et al. on ""The size, shape, density and ring of the dwarf planet Haumea from a stellar occultation"", opening up a new avenue for planetary research.
We produced a wide range of outreach and educational material for the public. The most important scientific results are also connected to press releases, radio and TV interviews, podcasts, etc. which we listed in our public web page. The highlight in outreach was connected to the Nature paper with worldwide press coverage, countless public articles, talks, interviews and other outreach activities.
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