"The following key-leading research works were realized:
- tests on combustion of various fuels in the SI engine at various working conditions
- chemical analysis of fuels applied to IC engines,
- 3D CFD AVL FIRE modeling – spark discharge and ignition phase
- 3D CFD FOAM modeling air-gas mixture preparation
- Thermo-chemical and thermodynamic analysis of knock occurrence in the SI engine - 0D modeling
- Digital signal processing (DSP) and analysis of combustion pressure plots
- Statistical analysis of engine combustion events.
Main Results
WP 1
3D-CFD simulation of flame propagation and end-gas pre-reactions was done.
On knock onset detection from a model data was collected. Computational model was created.
RANS and LES modelling approaches and validation of simulation results are completed.
Knocking combustion of gaseous fuels in RCM was measured and modelled.
The developed ignition model validation was done.
All the tasks were completed. Esential content of research works conducted at those tasks was to collect data for the following:
Methane number prediction,
Combustion modelling,
Knock intensity modelling,
Flash boiling modelling,
Spark ignition modelling.
WP 2
Engine indicating – in-cylinder pressure data acquisition was completed. Results from engine indicating were used to build a data base, which is required for knock model calibration.
Updating the Single Cylinder BOOST Model, Measurement Matrix Status, Measurement Matrix Update, Creation & Parametrization of the 4-Cylinder Engine Model.
Exhaust toxic emissions and PM measurements from the engine working at various loads and combustion related parameters were recorded and analyzed.
Combustion tests were extended with additional parameters: variable valve timing and overexpanded cycle as well as additional tests on potential anti-knock additives to fuels (glycerol, water, aromatic hydrocarbons etc.) were also conducted.
WP 3
Development of a model of large 4-stroke engines: calibration of large system model.
All these tasks below were completed.
Data processing was focused on the following: in-cylinder combustion pressure data collection, pressure rectification, conversion and filtering – methods and codes, temperature calculation.
Test works included as follows: data mining and processing, data accomplishments, data processing for knock evaluation and its correlations with engine parameters.
WP4 Flame visualization.
Several images of flame development were taken as training works with optical systems.
The research works contained injection, spraying, ignition and flame kernel development.
Digital image processing. Tests on spraying at various injection pressures.
WP5 Knock reduction measures.
Several correlations between knock and engine parameters were worked out. Conclusions were drawn.
WP6 Dissemination.
The web page was built. www.knocky.pcz.pl.
The seminar #1 was organized as the main part of the 44th International Scientific Congress on Powertrain and Transport Means – KONES 2018.
Seminar #2 was organized at MTU, USA.
2 Workshops, conference and symposium were organized.
This task is continued over the project realization. 25 papers were published as showed further. All papers are published with the open access option.
In the WP7 Management. The kick-off meeting, 4 mid-term meetings and 4 meetings trough webinars were done."
