Since completion of the first human genome sequence, the demand for cheaper and faster sequencing methods has increased enormously. This need has driven the development of second-generation sequencing methods, or next-generation sequencing (also known as NGS or high throughput sequencing). The creation of these platforms has made sequencing accessible to more laboratories, rapidly increasing the volume of research, including clinical diagnostics and its use in directing treatment (precision medicine). The applications of NGS are also allowing rapid advances in clinically related fields such as public health and epidemiology. In any workflow, prior to the sequencing reactions, a number of pre-sequencing steps are required, including the fragmentation of the DNA into smaller sizes for processing, size selection, library preparation and target enrichment.
This project is specifically concerned with this latter area, namely DNA fragmentation – now widely acknowledged across the industry as being the most important technological bottleneck in the pre-sequencing workflow. Our new method for DNA fragmentation – involving using surface acoustic waves enables sample preparation from lower sample volumes using lower powers. This project allowed us to develop a lab-based prototype which enables the fragmentation of DNA from a range of sources (volumes, concentrations), on a disposable, micro-machined microchip. We have also strengthened our IP position by expending our patent portfolio, providing a more attractive offer to potential collaborators.
In the near term this will enable the implementation of sample preparation pre-sequencing steps within the NGS instruments. In the longer term, our techniques will also enable us to develop methods for field-based DNA sequencing – as may be required for determining “microbial resistance” and informing the treatment of infectious disease in the face of the emergence of drug resistance.
