Projektbeschreibung
Verbesserung des menschlichen Darmmikrobioms
Das menschliche Mikrobiom beherbergt eine ganze Gemeinschaft an Mikroorganismen. Die Forschung hat ergeben, dass ein vielfältiges Darmmikrobiom gesünder ist – es leistet einen wesentlichen Beitrag zu unserer Gesundheit. Etwa ein Drittel der Bevölkerung leidet unter einem Ungleichgewicht der Darmflora (Dysbiose). Dieser Zustand zeichnet sich durch veränderte Wechselwirkungen zwischen symbiotischen Bakterien und ihrem Wirtsorganismus aus. Diese können zu nicht heilbaren, immunvermittelten Erkrankungen führen, deren Therapeutik bislang nur die Linderung der Symptome umfasst. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt Homo.symbiosus hat vor, neuartige therapeutische Ansätze für das Ökosystem Darm zu entwickeln, um die Bakterien-Mensch-Symbiose wieder ins Gleichgewicht zu bringen.
Ziel
The microbiomics revolution has favoured the recognition of the gut as a true organ and the importance of man-microbes symbiosis in health and disease. Derived from a long co-evolution the latter has been challenged by numerous environmental triggers, modern lifestyles, changes in birth modalities, nutritional transition and therapeutic attitudes. A large fraction of the human population has tentatively entered a man-microbes dysbiotic state characterized by altered interactions between microbiome and host features with auto-aggravating crosstalk signals. The result is increased incidence of incurable immune-mediated diseases of modern societies that affect a third the human population on earth today and for which current therapeutics only address symptoms alleviation, rather than considering man as a holobiont.
In this context and its resulting threat for the human species, I will carry out a project geared to open a new era of individualized preventive care and novel gut ecology-based therapeutic approaches. The project will assemble insights and contributions from theoretical to experimental ecology, quantitative and functional microbiomics, preclinical work, cohort studies and clinical trials, so as to:
• Validate the concept of critical transition and alternative stable state as it applies to a shift from man-microbes symbiosis to disease-prone man-microbes dysbiosis
• Assess the potential of diet alone to promote such a shift
• Model the symbiosis-to-dysbiosis transitions and derive predictors of tipping points
• Propose counter-measures that may allow to break vicious circles and restore a balanced, health-prone, man-microbes symbiosis by concomitantly acting upon microbiome and host features
• Validate strategies to reinforce ecological robustness and restore man-microbes symbiosis
Based on a paradigm shift, the proposed work will set the grounds for future personalized preventive nutrition and clinical management considering man as a true holobiont.
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesevolutionary biology
- social sciencespolitical sciencespolitical transitionsrevolutions
- medical and health scienceshealth sciencesnutrition
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesbiological behavioural sciencesethologybiological interactions
- natural sciencesbiological sciencesmicrobiology
Schlüsselbegriffe
Programm/Programme
Thema/Themen
Finanzierungsplan
ERC-ADG - Advanced GrantGastgebende Einrichtung
75007 Paris
Frankreich