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Admixture accelerated adaptation: signals from modern, ancient and archaic DNA.

Projektbeschreibung

DNA-Analyse hilft, die menschliche Evolution und Anpassung zu verstehen

Die rasante Entwicklung von Sequenzierungstechnologien ermöglichte Zugang zu Tausenden menschlichen Genomen aus der ganzen Welt einschließlich historischer DNA-Sequenz-Daten für die Populationsgenetik. Die Analyse dieser Sammlungen moderner und historischer DNA kann dabei helfen, Merkmale menschlicher evolutionärer Anpassungen zu verstehen. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt entwickelt neue statistische Analysen, um gemeinsame selektive Ereignisse in verschiedenen Populationen zu ermitteln, wobei besonders auf die Integration von Haplotypdaten aus unterschiedlichen Populationen geachtet wird. In Anwendung neuer Datensätze, die für Populationen auf dem amerikanischen Kontinent vorliegen, und zusammen mit vergleichenden Analysen moderner und historischer europäischer Proben wird das Forschungsteam durch genetische Vermischung ermöglichte Anpassungsmerkmale in DNA nachweisen können. Diese Studie ist ein wichtiger Schritt auf dem Weg zu umfassenderen Erkenntnissen über die Mechanismen der Evolution sowie im Hinblick auf die Anpassung an menschliche Krankheiten.

Ziel

With the advent of new sequencing technologies, population geneticists now have access to more data than ever before. We have access to thousands of human genomes from a diverse set of populations around the globe, and, thanks to advances in DNA extraction and library preparation, we now are beginning to have access to ancient DNA sequence data. These data have greatly improved our knowledge of human history, human adaptation to different environments and human disease. Genome-wide studies have highlighted many genes or genomic loci that may play a role in adaptive or disease related phenotypes of biological importance.

With these collections of modern and ancient sequence data we want to answer a key evolutionary question: how do human adaptations arise? We strongly believe that the state-of-the-art methodologies for uncovering signatures of adaptation are blind to potential modes of adaptation because they are lacking two critical components – more complete integration of multiple population haplotype data (including archaic, ancient and modern samples), and an account of population interactions that facilitate adaptation.

Therefore I plan to develop new methods to detect shared selective events across populations by creating novel statistical summaries, and to detect admixture-facilitated adaptation which we believe is likely a common mode of natural selection. We will apply these tools to new datasets to characterize the interplay of natural selection, archaic and modern admixture in populations in the Americas and make a comparative analysis of modern and ancient European samples to understand the origin and changing profile of adaptive archaic alleles. As a result our work will reveal evolutionary processes that have played an important role in human evolution and disease.

Schlüsselbegriffe

Finanzierungsplan

ERC-STG - Starting Grant

Gastgebende Einrichtung

THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN
Netto-EU-Beitrag
€ 1 500 000,00
Adresse
COLLEGE GREEN TRINITY COLLEGE
D02 CX56 DUBLIN 2
Irland

Auf der Karte ansehen

Region
Ireland Eastern and Midland Dublin
Aktivitätstyp
Higher or Secondary Education Establishments
Links
Gesamtkosten
€ 1 500 000,00

Begünstigte (1)