Description du projet
Un examen plus attentif des demandes d’asile fondées sur la liberté de religion
La liberté de religion (la liberté d’avoir, de ne pas avoir, de pratiquer ou de ne pas pratiquer une religion) est un droit fondamental en vertu du droit international. En Asie du Sud, ceux qui ne se conforment pas à la religion dominante ou qui la remettent en question peuvent être confrontés à de graves problèmes, notamment des persécutions, les forçant à fuir et à demander l’asile dans d’autres pays. Le projet ROSA, financé par l’UE, cherchera à répondre à la question suivante: quelles sont les circonstances spécifiques dans lesquelles la critique visant ces communautés et ces positions évolue? Cette étude examinera les hypothèses qui éclairent les réponses des pays européens aux cas dans lesquels l’asile est demandé sur la base du non-conformisme religieux des demandeurs. Il s’étendra au-delà de l’Asie du Sud et examinera les implications mondiales des débats critiques et des actions en cours.
Objectif
Those who question or do not conform to dominant local religious tradition(s) and/or religion as such have, of course, faced serious problems and difficulties in a number of different historical periods and locations. This project examines the forms in which individuals and communities raise, in the open or in more hidden transcripts, questions over the dominant religious norms in South Asia. This project is also interested in how such people are being targeted as distinct minorities by various religious and political groups. However, the effects of these encounters extend beyond this region: a significant number of community members now seek asylum in European countries. In consequence, these countries are now debating whether, or to what extent, varieties of religious non-conformism can be legitimate reasons for granting asylum.
While much recent academic work has focused on religious revivalism and reformist movements, critical engagement and sceptical attitudes towards dominant religious norms in South Asia are so far under-researched. A key aim of this study is to correct this absence and thereby to transform our understanding of the kinds of positions, individuals and communities that flourish but also, and critically, face challenges and provoke social contentions in South Asia. It will provide three national ‘deep contextualisations’ of debates and criticism faced by secularists and religious sceptics in South Asia, asking: What are the specific circumstances in which criticism targeting these communities and positions evolve? This study also investigates the assumptions that inform European countries’ responses to cases in which asylum is sought on the basis of claimants’ religious nonconformism, and also those informing advocacy work performed by global secular networks on their behalf. Thus, while this project is ethnographically grounded in South Asia, it also extends beyond this region to examine global implications of critical debates and actions that are taking place there.
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ERC-COG - Consolidator GrantInstitution d’accueil
15782 Santiago De Compostela
Espagne