Periodic Reporting for period 3 - Cosmoglobe (Cosmoglobe -- mapping the universe from the Milky Way to the Big Bang)
Periodo di rendicontazione: 2022-06-01 al 2023-11-30
During the last few decades, cosmology has transitioned from being data-starved and prone to speculation into a high-precision science that is able to answer fundamental questions regarding the history and nature of the Universe with percentage accuracy. This transformation has been driven by a host of different experiments, each providing a unique and valuable piece of the full puzzle, often at the cost of tens or hundreds of millions of dollars and euros.
Today, the sensitivity of these data sets and experiments has become so large that raw noise is no longer the main obstacle to making new discoveries, but rather degeneracies from foreground confusion and systematic errors. To break through these challenges, it is therefore no longer sufficient to build and analyse a given experiment in isolation, but it is instead critically important to exploit
information from all available complementary experiments at the same time. As a concrete and important example, ESA's Planck mission measured the microwave sky with unprecedented precision at nine frequencies between 30 and 857 GHz, and these measurements will serve as a bedrock for all future cosmology experiments, including Euclid, SKA, LiteBIRD, PICO and others.
Cosmoglobe is a ground-breaking response to these challenges, as it aims to establish a common Open Science and community-driven platform for jointly analyzing legacy, current and future experiments. As such, Cosmoglobe is several things at once: It is a computational computer code that is able to analyze different experiments jointly; it is a detailed model of the astrophysical sky at radio, microwave, and submillimeter wavelengths; and it is an Open Science collaboration of individual scientists and experiments all working together towards the common goal of understand the properties of our universe.
The first two and half years of the Cosmoglobe project period has been very successful, and a few selected highlights include the following:
1) Together with the BeyondPlanck and bits2cosmology projects, we have reanalyzed the Planck LFI observations within a ground-breaking end-to-end Bayesian analysis framework. This represents the first real-world demonstration of the Cosmoglobe framework. The results are currently being summarized in a series of 17 papers.
2) We have also successfully applied the same framework to the WMAP data, and established a fundamentally new understanding of the systematic errors involved in the official data. A full Cosmoglobe WMAP release is expected within the next year.
3) We have implemented a functional analysis pipeline for carbon-monoxide intensity mapping experiments, and applied this to the first-season COMAP observations. The results from this are summarized in a series of 7 papers, and provide the strongest constraints on clustered cosmological CO structure published to date.
4) The international Cosmoglobe kickoff meeting happened in June 2021, and was attended by 16 experiments and more than 170 participants. Due to the pandemic, this meeting was held digitally, which worked very well.
As of today, the Cosmoglobe community is rapidly growing, and new experiments, groups and scientists are expressing interest in joining on a monthly basis.
Today, the sensitivity of these data sets and experiments has become so large that raw noise is no longer the main obstacle to making new discoveries, but rather degeneracies from foreground confusion and systematic errors. To break through these challenges, it is therefore no longer sufficient to build and analyse a given experiment in isolation, but it is instead critically important to exploit
information from all available complementary experiments at the same time. As a concrete and important example, ESA's Planck mission measured the microwave sky with unprecedented precision at nine frequencies between 30 and 857 GHz, and these measurements will serve as a bedrock for all future cosmology experiments, including Euclid, SKA, LiteBIRD, PICO and others.
Cosmoglobe is a ground-breaking response to these challenges, as it aims to establish a common Open Science and community-driven platform for jointly analyzing legacy, current and future experiments. As such, Cosmoglobe is several things at once: It is a computational computer code that is able to analyze different experiments jointly; it is a detailed model of the astrophysical sky at radio, microwave, and submillimeter wavelengths; and it is an Open Science collaboration of individual scientists and experiments all working together towards the common goal of understand the properties of our universe.
The first two and half years of the Cosmoglobe project period has been very successful, and a few selected highlights include the following:
1) Together with the BeyondPlanck and bits2cosmology projects, we have reanalyzed the Planck LFI observations within a ground-breaking end-to-end Bayesian analysis framework. This represents the first real-world demonstration of the Cosmoglobe framework. The results are currently being summarized in a series of 17 papers.
2) We have also successfully applied the same framework to the WMAP data, and established a fundamentally new understanding of the systematic errors involved in the official data. A full Cosmoglobe WMAP release is expected within the next year.
3) We have implemented a functional analysis pipeline for carbon-monoxide intensity mapping experiments, and applied this to the first-season COMAP observations. The results from this are summarized in a series of 7 papers, and provide the strongest constraints on clustered cosmological CO structure published to date.
4) The international Cosmoglobe kickoff meeting happened in June 2021, and was attended by 16 experiments and more than 170 participants. Due to the pandemic, this meeting was held digitally, which worked very well.
As of today, the Cosmoglobe community is rapidly growing, and new experiments, groups and scientists are expressing interest in joining on a monthly basis.
The main tasks that has been performed in the current period include:
1) Development of the computational Cosmoglobe infrastructure
2) Re-analysis of Planck LFI; resulting in new sky model
3) Re-analysis of WMAP Q-band
4) Analysis of COMAP observations
5) Started analyzing COBE-DIRBE
6) Implemented zodiacal light model
7) Developed first Cosmoglobe Sky Model interface in Python
8) Implemented first collaboration webpage
9) Arranged international Cosmoglobe kickoff workshop
1) Development of the computational Cosmoglobe infrastructure
2) Re-analysis of Planck LFI; resulting in new sky model
3) Re-analysis of WMAP Q-band
4) Analysis of COMAP observations
5) Started analyzing COBE-DIRBE
6) Implemented zodiacal light model
7) Developed first Cosmoglobe Sky Model interface in Python
8) Implemented first collaboration webpage
9) Arranged international Cosmoglobe kickoff workshop
1) The Planck LFI analysis has resulted in a groundbreaking new understanding of the LFI measurements, resolving many previously non-understood systematic effects in the data. This is the first time
all Planck LFI data may be used for cosmological parameter estimation with full and robust error propagation.
2) The WMAP analysis has resulted in a new understanding of the remaining systematic effects in the official WMAP products, in particular the impact of sidelobe and transmission imbalance
effects. A future full analysis will result in a full suite of new state-of-the-art WMAP products.
3) The COMAP analysis has resulted in the world's strongest constraints on cosmological CO emission at redshifts 2.6-3.4 with corresponding implications for star and galaxy formation.
Expected results for the remainder of the project includes full integration of many other experiments, for example CHIPASS, PASIPHAE, SPIDER.
all Planck LFI data may be used for cosmological parameter estimation with full and robust error propagation.
2) The WMAP analysis has resulted in a new understanding of the remaining systematic effects in the official WMAP products, in particular the impact of sidelobe and transmission imbalance
effects. A future full analysis will result in a full suite of new state-of-the-art WMAP products.
3) The COMAP analysis has resulted in the world's strongest constraints on cosmological CO emission at redshifts 2.6-3.4 with corresponding implications for star and galaxy formation.
Expected results for the remainder of the project includes full integration of many other experiments, for example CHIPASS, PASIPHAE, SPIDER.