Projektbeschreibung
Ethische Betrachtung der Unterscheidung von Flüchtlingen und Migranten
Die Ankunft von Millionen von Flüchtlingen und Migranten in Europa in den letzten Jahren und der Versuch zahlloser weiterer Menschen, nach Europa zu kommen, führten zu einer hohen Zahl von Todesopfern. Ein Abkommen zwischen der EU und der Türkei ermöglichte die Rückführung einer erheblichen Zahl von Migranten in die Türkei. Die EU unterschied zwischen Flüchtlingen und Migranten, da Flüchtlinge als schutzbedürftig gelten. Das EU-finanzierte Projekt Migration Ethics untersucht die Kriterien, die zur Entscheidung über die Schutzbedürftigkeit von Migranten angewandt werden. Es beschäftigt sich außerdem damit, wie Migranten von dem Schutz ausgeschlossen werden, und beantwortet die Frage, ob dies ethisch und rechtlich vertretbar ist.
Ziel
Over the last three years, millions have attempted to cross the EU frontier. Some are fleeing war and persecution; others poverty. The EU has struggled to find an acceptable response. It is aware that the denial of legal entry encourages risky crossings and that many of those migrating are refugees. Yet it is also keen to limit immigration. It has therefore responded by insisting on a sharp distinction between refugees and economic migrants, making some exceptions for the former, while seeking to exclude the latter. It has also obtained an agreement with Turkey that permits the EU to return migrants in exchange for various benefits. This response seems to have been effective in limiting migration along the Turkey-Greece route. Nevertheless, the large numbers migrating along other routes, the lack of sufficient protection for many refugees and the high death toll at sea, all cast doubt on the adequacy of the EU response. This research project will be the first within ethical theory to address the ethics of migration in the context of the Mediterranean crisis. It will assess how EU states should respond to such large waves of migration. It focusses on three questions. First, which migrants are entitled to protection? International law and EU policy single out refugees, but the research project will investigate whether states have duties towards other migrants as well. Second, of those who are entitled to protection, where should they be protected? The EU-Turkey agreement effectively involves the outsourcing of protection to Turkey. Such “safe third country” agreements are ethically controversial. Third, if it is permissible to exclude some migrants, how should they be excluded? Given the numbers that are currently dying while trying to evade migration restrictions, it is important to explore the various methods of restriction to see which, if any, are ethically defensible and, given the current regulatory framework, legally feasible.
Wissenschaftliches Gebiet
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Aufforderung zur Vorschlagseinreichung
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MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFKoordinator
08002 Barcelona
Spanien