Descrizione del progetto
Etica sulla distinzione tra rifugiati e migranti
L’arrivo di milioni di rifugiati e migranti in Europa negli ultimi anni e il tentativo di innumerevoli altri di raggiungere l’Europa hanno provocato un elevato bilancio delle vittime. Un accordo tra l’UE e la Turchia ha permesso il ritorno di un numero considerevole di migranti in Turchia. L’UE distingue tra rifugiati e migranti in quanto i rifugiati sono considerati ammissibili alla protezione. Il progetto Migration Ethics, finanziato dall’UE, studierà i criteri utilizzati per selezionare i migranti ammissibili alla protezione. Esaminerà inoltre in che modo i migranti vengano esclusi dalla protezione e determinerà se ciò sia eticamente e legalmente accettabile.
Obiettivo
Over the last three years, millions have attempted to cross the EU frontier. Some are fleeing war and persecution; others poverty. The EU has struggled to find an acceptable response. It is aware that the denial of legal entry encourages risky crossings and that many of those migrating are refugees. Yet it is also keen to limit immigration. It has therefore responded by insisting on a sharp distinction between refugees and economic migrants, making some exceptions for the former, while seeking to exclude the latter. It has also obtained an agreement with Turkey that permits the EU to return migrants in exchange for various benefits. This response seems to have been effective in limiting migration along the Turkey-Greece route. Nevertheless, the large numbers migrating along other routes, the lack of sufficient protection for many refugees and the high death toll at sea, all cast doubt on the adequacy of the EU response. This research project will be the first within ethical theory to address the ethics of migration in the context of the Mediterranean crisis. It will assess how EU states should respond to such large waves of migration. It focusses on three questions. First, which migrants are entitled to protection? International law and EU policy single out refugees, but the research project will investigate whether states have duties towards other migrants as well. Second, of those who are entitled to protection, where should they be protected? The EU-Turkey agreement effectively involves the outsourcing of protection to Turkey. Such “safe third country” agreements are ethically controversial. Third, if it is permissible to exclude some migrants, how should they be excluded? Given the numbers that are currently dying while trying to evade migration restrictions, it is important to explore the various methods of restriction to see which, if any, are ethically defensible and, given the current regulatory framework, legally feasible.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFCoordinatore
08002 Barcelona
Spagna