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Development of a new CRISPR-Cas3-based tool for large genomic deletions

Description du projet

Une nouvelle technologie pour l’édition de grands segments d’ADN

L’avènement récent de la technologie CRISPR‑Cas9 a révolutionné l’édition ciblée du génome en générant de petites insertions et suppressions au site cible. Le projet GenDels, financé par l’UE, travaillera sur une technologie alternative basée sur CRISPR utilisant l’enzyme Cas3 qui combine l’activité de l’hélicase et de la nucléase. L’objectif est de réaliser l’édition génétique à haut débit de grands segments d’ADN dans les cellules humaines pour des applications liées à la santé ou pour déchiffrer le rôle des variantes d’ADN non codantes dans la maladie. En outre, cette technologie pourrait être exploitée pour l’édition de cellules bactériennes à des fins biologiques et métaboliques synthétiques.

Objectif

The advent of the revolutionary genome editing technique CRISPR-Cas9 has enabled targeted gene mutation, repression, and activation, facilitating impactful biological findings. However, Cas9 as an unbiased DNA deletion tool is limited in its ability to interrogate large regions of DNA of unknown function, because it predominantly generates very small (<20 bp) insertions and deletions at its target site. The capacity to rapidly and efficiently generate large genomic deletions does not currently exist and would be an extremely useful tool for research, allowing for rapid strain engineering of bacterial cells for synthetic biological and metabolic engineering purposes. Additionally, this technology would allow for the interrogation of large segments of non-coding DNA in human cells, much of which has unknown function, but whose variants are often associated with human disease. In this proposal, I aim to develop a Type I-C CRISPR-Cas system employing the Cas3 enzyme (completely distinct from Cas9), which naturally possess coupled nuclease and helicase activity, for high-throughput gene-editing purposes in various prokaryotic, as well as human cells. My preliminary results have shown that this is a credible approach, as I have been able to generate individually, as well as in combination, multiple deletions in bacterial organisms exceeding 60 kb in size. A focal point of the proposal is to adapt this system for use in human cells, which would provide a novel basic research tool with unprecedented capabilities and also could be utilized in human health-related applications. The proposal aims to address this later possibility by utilizing the developed system to treat human cell lines infected with difficult-to-treat pathogenic viruses.

Champ scientifique (EuroSciVoc)

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Coordinateur

EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY
Contribution nette de l'UE
€ 264 669,12
Adresse
Meyerhofstrasse 1
69117 Heidelberg
Allemagne

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Région
Baden-Württemberg Karlsruhe Heidelberg, Stadtkreis
Type d’activité
Research Organisations
Liens
Coût total
€ 264 669,12

Partenaires (1)