Description du projet
Examiner de plus près le dérapage de la Pologne vers l’illibéralisme
La Pologne est sortie de l’ombre de la dictature communiste pour rejoindre l’Union européenne et l’OTAN. Le pays a été fréquemment reconnu comme l’un des exemples de transition démocratique les plus réussis. Toutefois, la démocratie en Pologne a récemment adopté une tournure illibérale. Le projet COMLIB, financé par l’UE, vise à examiner de plus près la dynamique du communisme réformé avant 1989 et son impact sur la transition ultérieure. La «démocratisation sociale» du communisme et la «néolibéralisation» de la démocratie sociale seront prises en compte. L’hypothèse de travail du projet est que l’abandon progressif des valeurs démocratiques sociales par la gauche polonaise lors de la transition postcommuniste a contribué à leur effondrement au milieu des années 2000 et a facilité l’apparition de la tendance illibérale.
Objectif
Communists into Liberals: The Transformation and Demise of the Left as Precursor to the Illiberal Turn in Poland
‘Communists into Liberals’ (COMLIB) seeks a historically grounded explanation to the recent ‘illiberal turn’ in Poland by pursuing a new line of inquiry into the country’s transition from state socialism to a European liberal democracy. Rather than focusing on relatively short-term political and economic structural contingencies, the project aims to bring both historical process and agency of key protagonists to the fore as a factor precipitating the developments of the past years. In doing so, three historical processes spanning from 1968 to the mid-2000s are placed in correlation to each other: the demise of communism and transition to liberal democracy in Poland, exchanges of ideas that transcended the Cold War divide of Europe, and the political trajectory of the Polish and European Left. Within this framework, the project examines the agency of a particular group of politicians and activists from the Polish Left and investigates how their ideas and policies set the stage for the recent so-called ‘illiberal turn’ fueled by populism of the Right. In doing so, it aims to re-examine the dynamics of reform communism prior to 1989 as well as its impact on the transition afterwards highlighting two issues: the ‘social-democratisation’ of communism and the ‘neoliberalisation’ of social democracy. COMLIB’s working hypothesis is that the Polish Left’s gradual abandonment of social democratic values during the post-communist transition contributed to their demise in the mid-2000s and facilitated the ‘illiberal turn’. The project’s methodological framework adopts a collective biography approach based on oral history, archival research and qualitative analysis of written sources.
Champ scientifique
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFCoordinateur
50014 Fiesole
Italie