Descrizione del progetto
Uno sguardo più da vicino alla svolta illiberale della Polonia
La Polonia è uscita dall’ombra della dittatura comunista per aderire all’Unione europea e alla NATO. Il paese è stato spesso lodato come uno degli esempi più riusciti di transizione democratica, ma recentemente in Polonia la democrazia ha intrapreso una svolta illiberale. Il progetto COMLIB, finanziato dall’UE, mira a esaminare più da vicino le dinamiche del comunismo riformista prima del 1989 e il suo impatto sulla transizione successiva. Saranno presi in considerazione la «socialdemocratizzazione» del comunismo e la «neoliberalizzazione» della democrazia sociale. L’ipotesi di lavoro del progetto è che il graduale abbandono dei valori socialdemocratici da parte della sinistra polacca durante la transizione post-comunista abbia contribuito alla loro scomparsa a metà degli anni 2000 e abbia agevolato la svolta illiberale.
Obiettivo
Communists into Liberals: The Transformation and Demise of the Left as Precursor to the Illiberal Turn in Poland
‘Communists into Liberals’ (COMLIB) seeks a historically grounded explanation to the recent ‘illiberal turn’ in Poland by pursuing a new line of inquiry into the country’s transition from state socialism to a European liberal democracy. Rather than focusing on relatively short-term political and economic structural contingencies, the project aims to bring both historical process and agency of key protagonists to the fore as a factor precipitating the developments of the past years. In doing so, three historical processes spanning from 1968 to the mid-2000s are placed in correlation to each other: the demise of communism and transition to liberal democracy in Poland, exchanges of ideas that transcended the Cold War divide of Europe, and the political trajectory of the Polish and European Left. Within this framework, the project examines the agency of a particular group of politicians and activists from the Polish Left and investigates how their ideas and policies set the stage for the recent so-called ‘illiberal turn’ fueled by populism of the Right. In doing so, it aims to re-examine the dynamics of reform communism prior to 1989 as well as its impact on the transition afterwards highlighting two issues: the ‘social-democratisation’ of communism and the ‘neoliberalisation’ of social democracy. COMLIB’s working hypothesis is that the Polish Left’s gradual abandonment of social democratic values during the post-communist transition contributed to their demise in the mid-2000s and facilitated the ‘illiberal turn’. The project’s methodological framework adopts a collective biography approach based on oral history, archival research and qualitative analysis of written sources.
Campo scientifico
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF-EF-ST - Standard EFCoordinatore
50014 Fiesole
Italia