Descrizione del progetto
Migliori misurazioni dell’attività economica
Misurare l’attività economica è una sfida di importanza cruciale. Prendiamo ad esempio in considerazione problemi legati alla produzione, quali il modo in cui un’impresa produce beni da prodotti intermedi o come il reddito di un individuo viene prodotto mediante le sue competenze cognitive e non. Tali input (beni intermedi o competenze) sono intrinsecamente difficili da misurare e i ricercatori si chiedono spesso se i loro dati misurino effettivamente ciò che dovrebbero misurare. Il progetto MEImpact, finanziato dall’UE, svilupperà una nuova metodologia per valutare in modo formale il potenziale impatto dell’errore di misurazione, ovvero la differenza tra una quantità misurata e il suo valore reale. Il progetto intende cambiare il modo in cui i ricercatori empirici trattano le problematiche legate alle misurazioni e prevenire conclusioni e decisioni politiche fuorvianti.
Obiettivo
Measuring economic activity is a fundamental challenge for empirical work in economics. Most empirical projects raise concerns about whether the data do in fact measure what they purport to measure. Mismeasurement may lead to severe model misspecification, biased estimates, and misled conclusions and policy decisions. Unfortunately, formally accounting for the possibility of mismeasurement in the econometric model is complicated and possible only under strong assumptions that limit the credibility of resulting conclusions. Therefore, the most common approaches to measurement issues are to ignore them, to informally argue why they may not be of first-order importance, to abandon the project, or to search for better data.
The objective of the research described in this proposal is to develop new methodologies for formally assessing the potential impact of measurement error (ME) on all aspects of an empirical project: on model-building, on estimation and inference, and on decision-making. For instance, the new inference procedures allow the researcher to test whether ME is a statistically significant feature that should be modeled, whether ME distorts objects of interest (e.g. a production or utility function), whether ME distorts conclusions from hypothesis tests, and whether ME affects subsequent decision-making.
I show that answering such questions is possible under much weaker assumptions than identification and estimation of a ME model and thus leads to more credible and robust conclusions. In addition, the implementation of the new procedures can be based on standard nonparametric estimation techniques that are part of many applied researchers’ toolkits.
In consequence, the research has the potential to fundamentally transform the way empirical researchers approach measurement issues, to significantly impact empirical practice, and ultimately to avoid misled conclusions and policy decisions.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-STG - Starting GrantIstituzione ospitante
80539 MUNCHEN
Germania