Descripción del proyecto
Evaluación de la adquisición de la lengua
Los niños de todo el mundo aprenden una lengua y con ella adquieren la capacidad humana de comunicar pensamientos complejos. Se llevarán a cabo doce estudios específicos de adquisición de la lengua a escala mundial para determinar si la lengua comprime radicalmente las estructuras de pensamiento hasta el sonido o las señales. Mientras que las teorías actuales asumen un paralelismo entre el pensamiento y la lengua o las transformaciones que preservan el significado, el proyecto LeibnizDream, financiado con fondos europeos, asume que el pensamiento se asigna a la lengua mediante solo algunas partes de representaciones conceptuales. Para llevar a cabo los estudios, el proyecto cuenta con colaboradores de más de cincuenta lenguas de veintiuna familias lingüísticas diferentes, dos lenguas de signos y dos criollos.
Objetivo
Children around the globe acquire language and with it the human ability to communicate complex thoughts. This project develops a new linguistic theory to explain language and its acquisition. Our central hypothesis is that language radically compresses thought structures to sound or sign. While current theories assume a parallel between thought and language or meaning-preserving transformations, we assume that thought is mapped to language by only realizing some pieces of conceptual representations. Adult language is hyper-efficient at compressing information. For this reason, Leibniz and many others over the last 300 years have been unable to agree on the primitives of human thought. We predict that child languages are a better mirror of the human mind. Our initial evidence suggests that children are not able to compress conceptual representations as efficiently as adults. Sometimes children produce more material than adults, leading to so-called commission errors, which have never been systematically investigated. Furthermore, comprehension is easier for children when there is a one-to-one match between language and thought. To test our central hypothesis and specify how conceptual structure is compressed into language, we carry out a series of at least twelve targeted language acquisition studies on a global scale. We have recruited collaborators for more than 50 languages from 21 different language families, two sign languages and two creoles to carry out our studies. With this data, we can formulate a complete formal model of the semantic primitives, their combination into conceptual structures, the morphological compression mechanism, and the acquisition process within our model. To accomplish these goals, we rely on insights from formal semantics, generative syntax, distributed morphology, and several other linguistic frameworks. As part of our work, we also create the first open, global research collaboration to conduct language acquisition studies.
Ámbito científico
Programa(s)
Tema(s)
Régimen de financiación
ERC-SyG - Synergy grantInstitución de acogida
10117 Berlin
Alemania