Descrizione del progetto
Metodi all’avanguardia per analizzare 6 000 campioni da antichi cimiteri
Nella pianura pannonica, tra il 400 e il 900 d.C. si sono verificati grandi spostamenti di popolazioni. Durante questo periodo, infatti, si sono stanziati e se ne sono andati diversi popoli, tra cui Pannoni, Romani, Goti, Gepidi, Longobardi, Àvari, Bulgari, Slavi e Franchi. Il progetto HistoGenes, finanziato dall’UE, analizzerà 6 000 campioni provenienti da cimiteri impiegando metodi scientifici all’avanguardia allo scopo di contestualizzare le interpretazioni di questi dati nella loro cornice storica e archeologica. Il progetto comprende un affascinante caso di prova incentrato sul rapporto che intercorre tra le identità etniche costruite nei testi, le abitudini culturali attestate nella documentazione archeologica e i profili genetici che possono ora essere analizzati mediante DNA di origine antica.
Obiettivo
Few parts of Europe witnessed so many population shifts in a few centuries as the Carpathian Basin in 400-900 CE. In this macro-region along the middle Danube, Pannonians, Romans, Goths, Gepids, Longobards, Avars, Bulgars, Slavs, Franks and many others came and went. This is an intriguing test case for the relationship between ethnic identities constructed in texts, cultural habitus attested in the archaeological record, and genetic profiles that can now be analysed through ancient DNA. What was the impact of migrations and mobility on the population of the Carpathian Basin? Was the late antique population replaced, did it mix with the newcomers, or did its descendants only adopt new cultural styles? To what degree did biological distinctions correspond to the cultural boundaries and/or ethnonyms in the texts? If pursued with methodological caution, this case study will have implications beyond the field.
HistoGenes will analyse c. 6,000 samples from graves with cutting edge scientific methods, and contextualize the interpretation of these data in their archaeological and historical setting. The rapid progress of aDNA analysis and of bio-informatics now make such an enterprise viable. However, the methods of historical interpretation have not kept pace. HistoGenes will, for the first time, unite historians, archaeologists, geneticist, anthropologists, and specialists in bio-informatics, isotope analysis and other scientific methods. Many team members have already collaborated successfully in a pilot project, which has demonstrated the feasibility of the approach and of the integrated workflow at the core of the project. A wide range of particular historical questions will be addressed from an interdisciplinary perspective, and fundamental theoretical and methodological issues can be explored. HistoGenes will not only advance our knowledge about a key period in European history, but also establish new standards for the historical interpretation of genetic data.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
ERC-SyG - Synergy grantIstituzione ospitante
1010 Wien
Austria