Description du projet
Bilan du programme de résidence électronique en Estonie
L’Estonie est le premier pays au monde à mettre en place un programme de résidence électronique. Lancé en 2015 à titre de projet pilote, il a depuis ouvert les services numériques du pays à plus de 40 000 étrangers. Quelque 6 700 nouvelles entreprises électroniques ont été créées. Le projet PEER, financé par l’UE, approfondira le programme de l’Estonie pour évaluer son impact et examinera également s’il devrait s’agir d’une nouvelle solution aux problèmes de gouvernance du marché unique numérique de l’UE. L’objectif consiste à faire avancer le débat universitaire et politique. Les résultats seront importants non seulement pour l’Estonie, mais plus largement pour l’UE.
Objectif
In 2015, Estonia launched its e-residency program that gave foreigners the ability to apply for a digital residency in Estonia, even if they don't live in the country. At the time of writing, more than 40,000 people have obtained e-residency. Moreover, these e-residents have established nearly 6,700 companies in Estonia, benefiting from Estonian business-friendly tax laws, access to online payment systems, and so forth. Recently, a small number of academic papers have emerged that discuss the governance and business aspects of e-residency. However, most of the key texts have been authored by civil servants, and there has been a lack of analyses on how the e-residency initiative shapes the broader global political economy. Some of the crucial questions are as follows: How does the proliferation of e-residency program impact the EU-level efforts of international tax cooperation, as well as the concept of economic citizenship that underlies the international tax system? Should the e-residency initiative be seen as a new solution to the governance challenges of the EU's Digital Single Market, or does it rather accelerate international race to the bottom in business regulation? How does the initiative alter the self-perception of both Estonian government and the entrepreneurs that use e-residency? By analyzing the broader political economy of the initiative, the PEER project carries a potential for significant academic and policy-level contributions. Utilizing interviews, textual sources and financial statement analysis, the project focuses both on the governance side of the initiative and its users. The result will be a broad-ranging, inter-disciplinary inquiry into a phenomenon that may have potential to transform the concept of citizenship. The results will have high policy-relevance not only in Estonia, but also within the European Union, as well as in those EU member states that are allegedly considering implementing similar initiatives.
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MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
12616 Tallinn
Estonie