Descrizione del progetto
Un’analisi del programma di residenza elettronica dell’Estonia
L’Estonia è stato il primo paese al mondo a istituire un programma di residenza elettronica. Lanciato come progetto pilota nel 2015, esso ha reso accessibili sin da quel momento i servizi digitali del paese a più di 40 000 stranieri. Sono state inoltre create all’incirca 6 700 nuove imprese elettroniche. Il progetto PEER, finanziato dall’UE, esaminerà a fondo questo programma estone per valutare i suoi impatti e, inoltre, considerare se potrebbe rappresentare una nuova soluzione alle sfide poste dalla governance del mercato unico digitale dell’UE. L’obiettivo è approfondire il dibattito a livello accademico e politico; i risultati saranno importanti non solo per l’Estonia, ma anche più in generale per l’UE.
Obiettivo
In 2015, Estonia launched its e-residency program that gave foreigners the ability to apply for a digital residency in Estonia, even if they don't live in the country. At the time of writing, more than 40,000 people have obtained e-residency. Moreover, these e-residents have established nearly 6,700 companies in Estonia, benefiting from Estonian business-friendly tax laws, access to online payment systems, and so forth. Recently, a small number of academic papers have emerged that discuss the governance and business aspects of e-residency. However, most of the key texts have been authored by civil servants, and there has been a lack of analyses on how the e-residency initiative shapes the broader global political economy. Some of the crucial questions are as follows: How does the proliferation of e-residency program impact the EU-level efforts of international tax cooperation, as well as the concept of economic citizenship that underlies the international tax system? Should the e-residency initiative be seen as a new solution to the governance challenges of the EU's Digital Single Market, or does it rather accelerate international race to the bottom in business regulation? How does the initiative alter the self-perception of both Estonian government and the entrepreneurs that use e-residency? By analyzing the broader political economy of the initiative, the PEER project carries a potential for significant academic and policy-level contributions. Utilizing interviews, textual sources and financial statement analysis, the project focuses both on the governance side of the initiative and its users. The result will be a broad-ranging, inter-disciplinary inquiry into a phenomenon that may have potential to transform the concept of citizenship. The results will have high policy-relevance not only in Estonia, but also within the European Union, as well as in those EU member states that are allegedly considering implementing similar initiatives.
Campo scientifico
Parole chiave
Programma(i)
Argomento(i)
Meccanismo di finanziamento
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinatore
12616 Tallinn
Estonia