Description du projet
Le rôle des fibres alimentaires dans l’homéostasie intestinale
La colite microscopique (CM) est une maladie chronique associée à une légère inflammation intestinale. Compte tenu de l’augmentation de l’incidence des maladies inflammatoires de l’intestin et du potentiel de l’inflammation intestinale à provoquer une inflammation périphérique et des maladies métaboliques, il est urgent de comprendre ses mécanismes sous-jacents. Pour y remédier, les scientifiques du projet FIBCOLIT financé par l’UE étudieront l’impact des fibres alimentaires fermentescibles (FA) sur la physiologie intestinale et sur l’inflammation. Grâce à une étude d’intervention sur les patients atteints de CM, le projet suivra une approche multi-omique pour examiner les changements induits par FA dans les marqueurs inflammatoires, au sein du microbiote intestinal et pour le bien-être. Le lien entre les FA et l’homéostasie intestinale peut introduire une option non pharmaceutique pour prévenir et prendre en charge les maladies inflammatoires de l’intestin.
Objectif
The FIBCOLIT project investigates the impact of fermentable dietary fibres (DFs) on intestinal physiology and inflammation via dietary intervention study in human patients with microscopic colitis (MC), a chronic disease characterised by sustained mild intestinal inflammation. This subject topic has significant interest for public health considering 1) the increased global incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in the last 20 years, and 2) the increased scientific knowledge regarding the role of intestinal inflammation in driving the development of systemic inflammation in metabolic diseases. Currently, considerable knowledge gaps exists regarding the biological and physiological mechanisms that maintain and modulate intestinal homeostasis as well as the pathophysiological mechanisms that lead to chronic intestinal inflammation. The FIBCOLIT project aims to answer these open scientific questions through a multi-omics approach employing several analytical methods to examine DF-induced changes in intestinal barrier function, inflammatory markers, intestinal microbiota composition and functionality, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life, and general well-being. The projects utilises a DF known to promote the production of luminal butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that has been associated with several positive health effects. Overall, the project's methodology allows specific targeting of the mechanistic links between DF intake, butyrate, and intestinal health. Should DF supplementation prove effective at restoring intestinal homeostasis, it could potentially offer a non-pharmaceutical option to the prevention and management of diseases characterised by chronic intestinal inflammation. The project results could potentially also serve as starting point in the development of functional foods for the general public.
Champ scientifique
Mots‑clés
Programme(s)
Régime de financement
MSCA-IF - Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships (IF)Coordinateur
70182 Orebro
Suède